Free Astronomy Magazine November-December 2024 ARABIC VERSION

F Astronomers track bubbles on star’s surface in most detailed video yet byESO − BárbaraFerreira or the first time, astronomers have captured images of a star other than the Sun in enoughdetailtotrackthemotionofbu b- blinggasonitssurface. The images of the star, R Doradus, were obtained with the Atacama LargeMillimeter/submillimeter Ar- ray (ALMA), a telescope co-ownedby the European Southern Observa- tory (ESO), in July and August 2023. Theyshowgiant,hotbubblesof gas, 75 times the size of the Sun, appearing on the surface and sink- ing back into the star’s interiorfaster than expected. ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ - ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ 2 0 2 4 ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 40 ﻋﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﻔﻠﻚ ﻳﺮﺻﺪون ﻓﻘﺎﻋـﺎت ـــﺪﻳﻮ ـــﻢﻓـــﻲاﻟﻔ ﻋﻠـــﻰﺳـــﻄﺢ ﻧ اﻵن اﻷﻛ ﺗﻔﺼ ﻼً ﺣ : ﻘﻠﻢ ﺎر ﺮا ﻓ ﺮا - اﻟﻤﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟـﺠ ﻨﻮﺑﻲ رﺻـﺪ ﻋﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﻔﻠﻚ ﻟﻠﻤﺮة اﻷوﱃ اً ﺻﻮر ﻟـﻨﺠﻢ ﻏ اﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﺑﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺘﺒﻊ ﺣﺮﻛـﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز ا ﺘﺼﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﲆ ﺳﻄﺤﻪ . ﺗـﻢ اﻟﺘﻘـﺎط ﺻـﻮر اﻟـﻨﺠﻢ ) آر دورادوس ( ﺑﺎﺳــﺘﺨﺪا م ﻣﺼــﻔﻮﻓ ﺔ ﻣﺮﺻــﺪ أﺗﻜﺎﻣــ ﺎ ا ﻠﻴﻤﱰي و ﺗﺤﺖ ا ﻠﻴﻤﱰي اﻟﻜﺒ ( أ ﺎ) وﻫﻮ ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب ﻣﻤﻠـﻮك ﺑﺎﻻﺷـﱰ اك ﻣـﻊ ا ﺮﺻـﺪ اﻟﺠﻨـﻮﺑﻲ اﻷ وروﺑـﻲ ﰲ ﻳﻮﻟﻴـﻮ وأﻏﺴـﻄﺲ 2023 . ﺗُﻈﻬ ـﺮ اﻟﺼــﻮر ﻓﻘﺎﻋ ـﺎت ﻏﺎزﻳــ ﺔ ﺳﺎﺧﻨﺔ ﻋﻤﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﺤﺠـﻢ 75 ﺿـﻌﻒ ﺣﺠـﻢ اﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻋﲆ اﻟﺴـﻄﺢ و ﺗﻐـﺮق ﻣـﺮة أﺧﺮى ﰲ ﺑﺎﻃﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻢ أﴎع ﻣﻦ ا ﺘﻮﻗﻊ . ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﺛﻼﺛًﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻮر اﻟ ـ ﺤﻘ ﻘ ﺔ ﺗﻢ اﻟﺘﻘﺎﻃﻬﺎ ﺎﺳـﺘﺨﺪام اﻟ ﻣﺮﺻـﺪ أﻟﻤـﺎ ﻓـﻲ 18 ﻳﻮﻟﻴـﻮ و 28 ﻳﻮﻟﻴﻮ و 2 أﻏﺴﻄﺲ 2023 . اﻟﻔﻘﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻌﻤﻼﻗﺔ 75 ﺿﻌﻒﺣ ﻢ اﻟﺸﻤﺲ و ﺷـﻮﻫﺪت ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟ ﺳﻄﺢ اﻟﻨ ﻢﻫﻲ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟ ـ ـ ﺤﺮ ﺎت اﻟ ـ ﻤﻞ اﻟ ﺤﺮاريداﺧﻞ اﻟﻨ ﻢ . ﻈﻬﺮﺣ ﻢ ﻣﺪاراﻷرض ﻤﻘ ﺎس .