Free Astronomy Magazine November-December 2024 ARABIC VERSION

BI-MONTHLYMAGAZINEOFSCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION FREELYAVAILABLETHROUGH THEINTERNET November-December2024 Englisheditionofthemagazine Barnard’sStarhasasub-Earthmass planet KittPeakVisitorCentermarks 60 years WebbpeersintotheoutskirtsofourMilkyWay galaxy Moreblackholesthanexpectedinthe early Universe Thehighest-resolutionobservationsyetfrom the surface of Earth l A ’ STROFILO Editorinchief MicheleFerrara Scientificadvisor Prof.EnricoMariaCorsini Publisher Astro Publishing di Ferrara M. Via Bonomelli, 106 25049Iseo-BS-ITALY emailinfo@astropublishing.com InternetServiceProvider ArubaS.p.A. ViaSanClemente,53 24036PonteSanPietro-BG- ITALY Copyright All material in this magazine is, unless otherwise stated, property of Astro Publishing di Ferrara M. or includedwithpermissionofitsauthor.Repr oduc- tion or retransmission of the materials, in whole or in part, in any manner, withoutthepriorwrittenconsentof the copyright holder, is a violation of copyright law. A single copy of the ma- terials available through this coursemay be made, solely for personal, non- commercial use. Users may not distrib- ute such copies to others, whether or not in electronic form, whether or not for a charge or other consideration, without prior written consent of the copyright holder of the materials. The publisher makes available itself with having rights for possible not character- ized iconographic sources. Advertising - Administration Astro Publishing di Ferrara M.Via Bonomelli, 106 25049Iseo-BS-ITALY emailadmin@astropublishing.com New light on the darkness of the Universe Mars’waterlossislinkedtoitsdistance from the Sun Potentialmissinglinktofirststarsin odd galaxy Webbprovidesanotherlookintogalactic collisions Themostdistantrotatingdisc galaxy found Themostdetailedinfraredmapeverofour Milky Way 4 12 18 20 28 32 34 38 42 44 50 ــــــــﻞﺷــــــــﻬﺮ ﻦ ــــــــﺔ ﺗﺼــــــــﺪر ﻣﺠﻠــــــــﺔ ﻋﻠﻤ ــــــــــــﺔ ــــــــــــﺔ واﻟﺘﻘﻨ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣــــــــــــﺎت اﻟﻌﻠﻤ ـــ ﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﻓـــﺮة ﻣـﺠﺎﻧﺎً ﻣـــــــﻦﺧــﻼل اﻹﻧ ﻧﻮﻓﻤ – د ﺴﻤ 2024 اﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ اﻟﻌﺮ ﺔﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺔ ASTROFILO ـاﻟ ـــﻤــﺟ ــﺘــــ ﺔواﻟ ﺮــــ ﺤﺮ . م ﻣﺎﺟﺪأﺑﻮزاﻫﺮة ــــــﻣ ـــــــ ﺮاﺟﻌ ــ ﺔاﻟ ــــ ﻤﺤ ﺘﻮى . أ ﺻﺎﻟـﺢ ﻣ ﻤﺪاﻟﺼﻌﺐ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟـﺠﺔواﻟﺘﻨﺴﻴﻖ . أ ﻣﻔﺎزﻋ ﺪاﻟﻠﻄ ﻒ ـــ اﻟﻤ ﺘﺎ ﻌﺔاﻻﻟ ـــ ﻜ وﻧ ﺔ . م ﻧﻮافﻋ ﺪاﻷﻟﮫ ﺣﻘﻮق اﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﻤﻴـــﻊاﻟﻤــــﻮاد اﻟـــﻮاردة ﻓــــﻲﻫـــﺬﻩاﻟﻤﺠﻠــــﺔﻫــــﻲ ﻣﻠﻚ ﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ Astro PublishingdiPirlo L ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ُﻨﺺﻋﻠﻰﺧﻼفذﻟـﻚأو ﻣﻀـﻤﻨﺔ ﺑـﺈذن ﻣـﻦ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻬــــــﺎ ﻌــــــﺪإﻋــــــﺎدةإﻧﺘــــــﺎجاﻟﻤــــــﻮادأوإﻋـــــــﺎدة ـﺄيﻃﺮ ﻘـﺔدون اﻟــﺤﺼﻮل ًـﺎ إرﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﻠ ًﺎأوﺟﺰ ﻋﻠﻰﻣﻮاﻓﻘﺔﺧﻄ ﺔ ﻣﺴ ﻘﺔ ﻣﻦﺻـﺎﺣﺐﺣﻘـﻮق ًـــﺎﻟﻘــــﺎﻧﻮنﺣﻘـــﻮقاﻟﻄﺒــــﻊ اﻟﻄﺒـــﻊ واﻟﻨﺸــــﺮ اﻧﺘﻬﺎ . واﻟﻨﺸـــﺮ ﻤﻜـــﻦﻋﻤـــﻞ ﻧﺴـــﺨﺔواﺣـــﺪة ﻣـــﻦاﻟﻤـــﻮاد اﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣــــــــﺔ ﻟﻼﺳــــــــﺘﺨﺪاماﻟﺸﺨﺼــــــــﻲﻓﻘــــــــﻂﻏــــــــ ﺗﻮز ــــــــﻊﻫــــــــﺬﻩ اﻟﺘﺠـــــــﺎريﻻﻳﺠــــــــﻮزﻟﻠﻤﺴـــــــﺘﺨﺪﻣ ــﺎن ذﻟـﻚ ﻓــﻲﺷـ ﻞ اﻟﻨﺴـﺦﻋﻠــﻰاﻵﺧـﺮ ﻦﺳـﻮاءأ إﻟﻜ وﻧــــــــﻲأمﻻﺳــــــــﻮاء ﻣﻘﺎﺑــــــــﻞرﺳـــــــــﻮمأوأي ــــﺪونﻣﻮ ــــﺎرآﺧــــﺮ اﻋﺘ ــــﺔ ﻣﺴــــ ﻘﺔ ﻣــــﻦ اﻓﻘــــﺔﺧﻄ ﺻﺎﺣﺐﺣﻖ ﻧﺴﺦاﻟﻤﻮاد . 12 18 28 32 4 20 42 44 50 38 34 ﻧ ﻢ ﺑﺮ ﺎرد ﻟﺪ ﮫ ﻮﻛﺐ ﮫﻛﺘﻠﺘ أﻗﻞﻣﻦﻛﺘﻠﺔ اﻷرض ﻣﺮﻛﺰزوارﻛ ﺖﺑ ﻚﻳﺤﺘﻔﻞ ﻤﺮور 60 ﻋﺎﻣﺎً و ﺐ ﻨﻈﺮإﻟﻰﺿﻮاﺣﻲﻣﺠﺮ ﻨﺎ در اﻟﺘ ﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺜﻘﻮب اﻟﺴﻮداءﻓﻲ ﺪا ﺔ اﻟ ﻮن أﻛ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ أرﺻﺎدﻣﻦﺳﻄ ﺢ اﻻرض ﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞﻏ ﻣﺴﺒﻮﻗﺔ ﺿﻮءﺟﺪ ﺪﻋﻠﻰﻇﻼم اﻟ ﻮن ُﻌﺪ اﻟﻤﺮ ﺦ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺸﻤﺲﺳ ﺐﻓﻘﺪاﻧﮫ ﻟﻠﻤ ﺎﻩ ﻣﺠﺮةﻏﺮ ﺔﻗﺪ ﺗ ﻮن اﻟـﺤﻠﻘﺔ اﻟﻤﻔﻘﻮدة ﻟﻠﻨﺠﻮماﻷوﻟﻰ " و ﺐ" ﻘﺪم ﻧﻈﺮة أﺧﺮىﻹ ﺻﻄﺪ اﻣﺎتاﻟﻤﺠﺮات اﻟﻌﺜﻮرﻋﻠﻰأ ﻌﺪﻣﺠﺮةﻗﺮﺻ ﺔ دوارة أدق ـﺨﺮﻄﺔ ﻟﻤﺠﺮةدر اﻟﺘ ﺎﻧﺔ ﺎﻷﺷﻌﺔ ﺗﺤﺖاﻟـ ﻤﺮاء Jeddah astronomy society Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia jeddah_society@yahoo.com Email