Free Astronomy Magazine November-December 2024 ARABIC VERSION

incident with the bright optical points of light seen with Hubble.We put these pieces together and concluded that we were likely look- ing at two closely spaced supermas- sive black holes,” said Falcão. To support their interpretation, the researchers used archival radio data from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array near Socorro, New Mexico.The energetic black hole duo also emits powerful radio waves. “When you see bright light in optical, X- rays,andradiowavelengths,alotof things can be ruled out, leaving the conclusion these can only be ex- plained as close black holes. When you put all the pieces together it gives you the picture of the AGN duo,” said Falcão. Thethirdsourceofbrightlightseen by Hubble is of unknown origin,and more data is needed to under- stand it. That might be gas that is shocked by energy from a jet of ultra high-speed plasma fired from oneoftheblackholes,likeastream of water from a garden hose blast- ing into a pile of sand. “We wouldn’t be able to see all of these intricacies without Hubble’s amazing resolution,” said Falcão. The two supermassive black holes were once at the core of their re- spectivehostgalaxies.Amergerbe- tweenthegalaxiesbroughtthe blackholesintocloseproximity. They will continue to spiral closer togetheruntiltheyeventually merge–inperhaps100millionyears – rattling the fabric of space and timeasgravitationalwaves.     رﺳـــﻢ ـــﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺠـــﺮة ﺻـــﻮرة ﺿـــﻮﺋ ﺔ ﻣﺮ MCG- 03-34-064 اﻟﺘﻘﻄﻬـــــــــــﺎ ﺗﻠﺴـــــــــــ ﻮب ﻫﺎﺑـــــــــــﻞ اﻟﻔﻀـــــــــﺎﺋﻲ . ـــــــــﺔ اﻟـــــــــ ﺗﻜﺸـــــــــﻒ اﻟﺮؤ ـ ﺤﺎدة اﻟـــــــــ اﻟﺘﻘﻄﻬــــــﺎ ﺗﻠﺴــــــ ﻮبﻫﺎﺑــــــﻞ ﻋــــــﻦ ﺛــــــﻼث ﻘــــــﻊ ﺳــــــــــــﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﻣﻤــــــــــــ ة ﻣﺪﻣﺠــــــــــــﺔ ﻓــــــــــــﻲﺷــــــــــــ ﻞ ﺑ ﻀﺎوي أﺑ ﺾﻓﻲﻣﺮﻛﺰاﻟﻤﺠـﺮة ) ﻣﻮﺳـﻌﺔ ﻓـــــﻲﺻـــــﻮرة ﻣﺪﻣﺠـــــﺔ ﻓـــــﻲ أﻋﻠـــــﻰ اﻟ ﻤــــــ .( اﺛﻨﺘـــــــﺎن ﻣـــــــﻦ ﻫـــــــﺬﻩ اﻟ ﻘـــــــﻊ اﻟﺴـــــــﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﻫﻤـــــــﺎ ﻣﺼــــــــﺪراﻧ ﻌــــــــﺎث ﻗــــــــﻮي ﻟﻸﺷــــــــﻌﺔ اﻟﺴـــــــــ ﻨ ﺔ وﻫــــﻲﻋﻼﻣــــﺔ ـــــﺎن واﺿـــــﺤﺔ ﻋﻠــــﻰ أﻧﻬﻤــــﺎ ﺛﻘ أﺳــــﻮدان ﻫـــــﺎﺋﻼن . ﺗﺘـــــﺄﻟﻖ اﻟﺜﻘـــــﻮب اﻟﺴـــــﻮداء ﺸـــﺪة ﻷﻧﻬــــﺎ ﺗﺤــــﻮل اﻟﻤــــﺎدة اﻟﺴــــﺎﻗﻄﺔ إﻟــــﻰ ﻃﺎﻗـــﺔ وﺗﺘـــﻮﻫﺞ ﻋـــ اﻟﻔﻀـــﺎء ﻛﻨـــﻮىﻣﺠﺮ ـــﺔ ﻧﺸﻄﺔ . ﺗ ﻠﻎ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑ ﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺣـﻮاﻟﻲ 300 . ﺳﻨﺔ ﺿﻮﺋ ﺔ ـﺎرة ﻋـﻦ ﻛﺘﻠـﺔ اﻟ ﻘﻌﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜـﺔ ﻋ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﻐــﺎزاﻟﺴــﺎﻃﻊ . ــﻮن اﻟــ ر ﻤـﺎ ﻳ ـ ﺨﻂ اﻷزرق ﺸــ إﻟــ اﻟـﺬ ﻰﻣﻮﺿــﻊ اﻟﺴــﺎﻋﺔ اﻟــ ـ ﺨﺎﻣﺴﺔ ﻗﺪ اﻧﻄﻠﻖﻣـﻦ أﺣـﺪ اﻟﺜﻘـﻮب اﻟﺴـﻮداء . اﻟـﺰوج ﺳــــ ﻨﺪﻣﺠﺎن ﻣﺠـــﺮ ﻫـــﻮ ﻧﺘﻴﺠــــﺔ ﺗﺼـــﺎدم ﺑــــ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎ .ﺔ [NASA, ESA, Anna Trindade Falcão (CfA) − Image Processing: JosephDePasquale (STScI)] اﻟﺘﻲ ﺷﻮﻫﺪت ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب ﻫﺎﺑﻞ . ﻗﺎل ﻓﺎﻟﻜﺎو ": ﺟﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﻫـﺬه اﻟﻘﻄـﻊ ﺎ ﻣﻌـ وﺧﻠﺼﻨﺎ إﱃ أﻧﻨﺎ رﺑﻤﺎ ﻛﻨﺎ ﻧﻨﻈﺮ إﱃ ﺛﻘﺒ أﺳﻮد ﻳﻦ ﻫﺎﺋﻠ ﻣﺘﻘﺎرﺑ ." ﻟـﺪﻋﻢ ﺗﻔﺴـ ﻫﻢ اﺳـﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﺒـﺎﺣﺜﻮن ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت رادﻳﻮﻳﺔ أرﺷﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣ ﺼـﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﻛﺎرل ﺟﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺴﻜﻲ اﻟﻜﺒ ة ﺟﺪ اً ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮب ﻣ ـﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﻨــﺔ ﰲ ﺳ ـﻮﻛﻮرو وﻻﻳ ـﺔ ﻧﻴ ـﻮ ﻣﻜﺴﻴﻜﻮ . ﻳﺼﺪر اﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻲ اﻟﻨﺸﻂ ﻟﻠﺜﻘـﺐ اﻷﺳﻮد أﻳﻀ ﺎً ﻣﻮﺟﺎت را ﻳﺔ دﻳﻮ . ﻗﻮﻳﺔ ﻗﺎل ﻓﺎﻟﻜﺎو " : ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺮى ﺿﻮءاً ﺎً ﺳﺎﻃﻌ ﰲ اﻷﺷﻌﺔ اﻟﻀـﻮﺋﻴﺔ واﻷﺷـﻌﺔ ا ﻟﺴـﻴﻨﻴﺔ وأﻃــﻮال ا ﻮﺟــﺎت اﻟﺮادﻳﻮﻳــﺔ ﻳﻤﻜــﻦ اﺳﺘﺒﻌﺎد اﻟﻜﺜ ﻣﻦ اﻷﺷـﻴﺎء ﻣﻤـﺎ ﻳـﱰك اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎج ﺑﺄﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻔﺴ ﻫﺎ إﻻ ﻋﲆ أﻧﻬﺎ ﺛﻘﻮب ﺳﻮد اء ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺔ . ﻋﻨـﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻀـﻊ ﻛﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﻌﺎ ﻓﺈﻧﻬـﺎ ﺗﻌﻄﻴـﻚ ﺻـﻮرة ﻟﻨﻮى ﻣ ﺠﺮﻳﺔ ﻧﺸﻄﺔ ". ﺔ ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴ ا ﺼﺪر اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻟﻠﻀﻮء اﻟﺴﺎﻃﻊ اﻟـﺬي رآه ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب ﻫﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻦ أﺻﻞ ﻏـ ﻣﻌـﺮوف ﻓ ﻬﻨﺎك ﺣﺎﺟـﺔ إﱃ ا ﺰﻳـﺪ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧـﺎت ﻟﻔﻬﻤﻪ . ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮن ذﻟﻚ ﻏﺎز اً ﺻﺪﻣﺘﻪ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺎﺛﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻼزﻣﺎ ﻋﺎﻟﻴـﺔ اﻟـ ـ ﴪﻋﺔ أﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﻣﻦ أﺣﺪ اﻟﺜﻘﻮب اﻟﺴـﻮداء ﻣﺜـﻞ ﺗﻴﺎر ﻣﻦ ا ﺎء ﻣﻦ ﺧﺮﻃﻮم ﺣﺪﻳﻘ ﺔ ﻳﻨﻔﺠﺮ ﰲ ﻛﻮﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﻣﺎل . ﻗﺎل ﻓﺎﻟﻜﺎو " : ﻟﻦ ﻧﻘﺪر ﻋﲆ رؤﻳﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﺪات ﺑﺪون دﻗﺔ ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب ". ﻫﺎﺑـﻞ ﻟﻘﺪ ﻛﺎن اﻟﺜﻘﺒـﺎن اﻷ ﺳـﻮدان اﻟﻌﻤﻼﻗـﺎن ﰲ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎً ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ا ﺠﺮﺗ ا ﻀﻴﻔﺘ ﻟﻬﻤﺎ وﻗـﺪ أدى اﻧـﺪﻣﺎج ا ﺠـﺮﺗ إﱃ ﺗﻘﺮﻳـﺐ ا ﻟﺜﻘﺒــ اﻷﺳــﻮدﻳﻦ ﻣــﻦ ﺑﻌﻀــﻬﻤﺎ وﺳ ﻴﺴﺘﻤﺮان ﰲ اﻻﻗﱰاب ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻨﺪﻣﺠﺎ ن - ﰲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ رﺑﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ 100 ﻣﻠﻴﻮن ﻋﺎم - ﻣﺎ ﻳﺆدي إﱃ اﻫﺘﺰاز ﻧﺴﻴﺞ ا ﻜﺎن واﻟﺰﻣﺎن ﻋﲆ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﺎت ﺟﺎذﺑﻴﺔ . ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ - ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ 2 0 2 4