Free Astronomy Magazine November-December 2023 ARABIC VERSION

the true nature of this star, known as HD 45166, beyond the fact that it is rich in helium, somewhat more massive than our Sun, and part of a binary system. “This star became a bit of an obses- sion of mine,” said Tomer Shenar, an astronomer at the University of Am- sterdam and lead author of a study published in the journal Science . Having studied similar helium-rich stars before, Shenar was intrigued by the unusual characteristics of HD 45166, which has some of the char- acteristics of a Wolf-Rayet star, but with a unique spectral signature. He suspected that magnetic fields could explain these perplexing character- istics. “I remember having a Eureka moment while reading the litera- ture: ‘What if the star is mag- netic?’,” he said. Shenar, Chené, and their collabora- tors set out to test this hypothesis by taking new spectroscopic observa- tions of this star system with the CFHT. These observations revealed that this star has a phenomenally powerful magnetic field, about 43,000 gauss, the most powerful magnetic field ever found in a mas- sive star. By also studying its interac- tions with its companion star, the NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2023 اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ اﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴـﺔ ﻟﻬـﺬا اﻟـﻨﺠﻢ ا ﻌـﺮوف ﺑﺎﺳﻢ HD 45166 ﺑﺨﻼف ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ أﻧﻪ ﻏﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻬﻠﻴﻮم و إﱃ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ أﻛﱪ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻣﻦ وﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﺎم ﻲ ﻧﺠﻤ ﺛﻨـﺎﺋﻲ . ﻗـﺎل ﺗـﻮﻣﺮ ﺷﻴﻨﺎر ﻋـﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﻔﻠـﻚ ﰲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌـﺔ أﻣﺴـﱰدام وا ﺆﻟﻒ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﴘ ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻧﴩـت ﰲ ﻣﺠﻠـﺔ : " ﺳﺎﻳﻨﺲ ﻟﻘﺪ أﺻﺒﺢ ﻫـﺬا اﻟـﻨﺠﻢ ﻫﺎﺟﺴـﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﱄ ." ﺑﻌﺪ أن درس ﻧﺠﻮﻣـ ﺎً ﻣﻤﺎﺛﻠـﺔ ﻏﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺎ ﻟﻬﻴﻠﻴﻮم ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ، ﻛﺎن ﺎً ﺷﻴﻨﺎر ﻣﻔﺘﻮﻧ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺﻏ اﻟﻌﺎدﻳـﺔ ﻟــ HD 45166 ، ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺﻏ اﻟﻌﺎدﻳﺔ ﻟ ﻠﻨﺠﻢ HD 45166 اﻟ ـﺬي ﻳﺘﻤﺘ ـﻊ ﺑ ـﺒﻌﺾﺧﺼـﺎﺋﺺ ﻧﺠ ـ م ﻮ " راﻳﺖ- ووﻟﻒ" وﻟﻜﻦ ﻣـﻊ ﺗﻮﻗﻴـﻊ ﻃﻴﻔـﻲ . ﻓﺮﻳﺪ ﻛﺎن ﻳﺸﻚ ﰲ أن ا ﺠﺎﻻت ا ﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴ ﺴﻴﺔ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗﻔﴪ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺨﺼـﺎﺋﺺ ا ﺤـ ة . »: ﻗﺎل أﺗﺬﻛﺮ أﻧﻨﻲ ﺣﻈﻴﺖ ﺑﻠﺤﻈﺔ اﻛﺘﺸـﺎف ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ أﻗﺮأ اﻷدﺑ ﻴـﺎت : ﻣـﺎذا ﻟـﻮ ﻛـﺎن اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴ .«؟ﺎً ﺑﺪأ ﺷـﻴﻨﺎر وﺗﺸـﻴﻨﻲ وﻣﻌﺎوﻧﻮﻫﻢ ﰲ اﺧﺘﺒﺎر ﻫﺬه اﻟﻔﺮﺿـﻴﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺧﻼل أﺧﺬ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ﺧﻼل أﺧﺬ أرﺻﺎد ﻃﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺟﺪﻳﺪة ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻨﺠﻤﻲ وذﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب ﻫـﺎواي ﻛﻨﺪا . ﻓﺮﻧﺴﺎ ﻛﺸﻔﺖ ﻫﺬه اﻷرﺻﺎد أن ﻫﺬا اﻟـﻨﺠﻢ ﻳﻤﺘﻠـﻚ ﻣﺠﺎﻻً ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴ ﺎً ﻗﻮﻳ ﺎً ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻫﺎﺋﻞ اﱄ ﺣﻮ 43000 س ﻏـــﺎو وﻫــﻮ أﻗ ــﻮى ﻣﺠـــﺎل ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﴘ ﺗﻢ اﻛﺘﺸﺎﻓﻪ ﻋﲆ اﻹﻃﻼق ﰲ ﻧﺠﻢ ﺿﺨﻢ وﻣﻦ ﺧﻼ ل دراﺳﺔ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻼﺗﻪ أﻳﻀ ﺎً ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ا ﺮاﻓﻖ ﻟﻪ ـﻮن ـﺔ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﻤﻘـﺪرﻟـﮫ أن ﺼـﺒﺢ واﺣـﺪاً ﻣـﻦ أﻛـ اﻷﺟﺴـﺎم اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃ ﺴـ ﺔ ﻓـﻲاﻟ ﻟﻠﻐﺎ ُﻈﻬﺮﻫـﺬا اﻟﺮﺳـﻢ اﻟﺘﺨ ﻠـﻲﻧ ﻤـﺎ ﻏـ ﻋـﺎد : وﻫـﻮ ﻧـﻮعﻣﺨﺘﻠـﻒﻣـﻦ اﻟﻨﺠــــــ ﻮ ــــــ م اﻟﻨﻴﻮﺗﺮوﻧ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻌــــــﺮوف ﺎﺳــــــﻢ اﻟــــــﻨ ﻢاﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃ ﺴــــــﻲ . ــــــﺪ ﻣــــــﻦ اﻷﺟــــــﺮام ا ﻤﺜـــــﻞﻫــــــﺬا اﻻﻛﺘﺸــــــﺎفاﻛﺘﺸــــــﺎفﻧــــــﻮع ﺟﺪ ــــــﺔ ﻟﻔﻠﻜ - ـــــﻢﻫ ﻠﻴــــــﻮم ﻧ ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃ ﺴـﻲﺿـ ﻢ - و ﻠﻘـﻲاﻟﻀـﻮءﻋﻠـﻰأﺻـﻞ اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃ ﺴـ ﺔ . ﺳـﻮف ﻨﻔﺠـﺮ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﺴـﻨ ﻓـﻲﻏﻀـﻮن ﻀـﻌﺔ ﻣﻼﻳـ HD 45166 ﻤﺴـﺘﻌﺮ أﻋﻈــــﻢﺷــــﺪ ﺪ اﻟﺴــــﻄﻮع وﻟﻜـــــﻦ ﻟــــ ﺲﻧﺸـــــﻄﺎً . إﻟــــﻰﻣﺤﺎﺻـــــﺮة وﺗـــــﺮﻛ ﺧﻄــــﻮطاﻟﻤﺠـــــﺎل ــــﻨ ﻤﺶﻗﻠــــﺐاﻟـــــﻨ ﻢﻣﻤـــــﺎ ﻳــــﺆد ﺧـــــﻼلﻫـــــﺬا اﻻﻧﻔﺠـــــﺎرﺳـــــﻮف اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃ ﺴﻲاﻟﻤﺮ ﻫﻘﺔ ﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻨ ﻢوﺳﺘ ﻮن اﻟﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻧ ﻤﺎً ﻧﻴﻮﺗﺮوﻧ ﺎ ﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﻤﺠﺎلﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃ ﺴﻲأﻛ ﻜﺜ ﻣﻦﺳﻠﻔﮫ ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ - ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ 2 0 2 3