Free Astronomy Magazine November-December 2023 ARABIC VERSION

nitial studies of the 4.5-billion- year-old asteroid Bennu sample collected in space and brought to Earth by NASA show evidence of high-carbon content and water, which together could indicate the building blocks of life on Earth may be found in the rock. NASA made the news Wednesday from its John- son Space Center in Houston where leadership and scientists showed off the asteroid material for the first time since it landed in September. This finding was part of a prelimi- nary assessment of NASA’s OSIRIS- REx (Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification and Security – Regolith Explorer) science team. “The OSIRIS-REx sample is the biggest carbon-rich asteroid sample ever delivered to Earth and will help scientists investigate the origins of life on our own planet for genera- tions to come,” said NASA Adminis- trator Bill Nelson. “Almost every- thing we do at NASA seeks to an- swer questions about who we are and where we come from. NASA missions like OSIRIS-REx will improve our understanding of asteroids that NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2023 ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 5 ــــــ ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ــــ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ اﻟﻜﻮﻳﻜـﺐ ﺑﻴﻨﻮ اﻟﺒﺎﻟﻎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻤﺮ 4.5 ﻣﻠﻴﺎر ﻋﺎم واﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺟﻤﻌﻬـﺎ ﰲ اﻟﻔﻀـﺎء وﻧﻘﻠﻬـﺎ إﱃ اﻷرض ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ وﻛﺎﻟـﺔ ﻧﺎﺳـﺎ، دﻟـﻴﻼً ﻋـﲆ وﺟـﻮد ﻣﺤﺘﻮى ﻋﺎل ﻣـﻦ اﻟﻜﺮﺑـﻮن وﻣﻴـﺎه واﻟﺘـﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗﺸ ﻣﻌًﺎ إﱃ أن اﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎت اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻴﺎة ﻋﲆ اﻷرض ﻗـﺪ ﺗﻜـﻮن ﻣﻮﺟـﻮدة ﰲ اﻟﺼﺨﻮر . ﻟﻘﺪ أﻋﻠﻨﺖ وﻛﺎﻟﺔ ﻧﺎﺳـﺎ اﻷﺧﺒـﺎر ﻳـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــﻮم ﻳﻮم اﻷرﺑﻌﺎء ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺟﻮﻧﺴﻮن اﻟﻔﻀـﺎﺋﻲ اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻫﻴﻮﺳﺘﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻋﺮﺿﺖ اﻟﻘﻴﺎدة واﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﻣـﺎدة اﻟﻜﻮﻳﻜـﺐ ﻷول ﻣـﺮة ﻣﻨـﺬ ﻫﺒﻮﻃﻪ ﰲ ﺳﺒﺘﻤﱪ . ﻛـﺎن ﻫـﺬا اﻻﻛﺘﺸـﺎف ﺟ ـﺰء ا ﻣ ـﻦ ﺗﻘﻴ ـﻴﻢ أوﱄ ﻟﻠﻔﺮﻳ ـﻖ اﻟﻌﻠﻤ ـﻲ أوﺳﺎﻳﺮس رﻛﺲ ) اﻷﺻﻮل واﻟﺘﻔﺴ اﻟﻄﻴﻔﻲ وﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ا ﻮارد واﻷﻣﻦ - ﻣﺴﺘﻜﺸﻒ اﻟﺜﺮى ( اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻨﺎﺳﺎ . ﻗﺎل ﺑﻴﻞ ﻧﻴﻠﺴﻮن ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﻧﺎﺳـﺎ : _____ إن ﻋﻴﻨﺔ أوﺳﺎﻳﺮس رﻛﺲ ﻫـﻲ أﻛـﱪ ﻋﻴﻨـﺔ ﻛﻮﻳﻜﺐ ﻏﻨﻴـﺔ ﺑـﺎﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن ﺗـﻢ ﺗﺴـﻠﻴﻤﻬﺎ إﱃ اﻷرض ﻋﲆ اﻹﻃﻼق، وﺳﻮف ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﻋﲆ اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﰲ أﺻﻮل اﻟ ﺤﻴﺎة ﻋـﲆ ﻛﻮﻛﺒﻨـﺎ ﻷﺟﻴﺎل ﻗﺎدﻣﺔ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً و ﻛﻞ ﻣـﺎ ﻧﻘـﻮم ﺑـﻪ ﰲ ﻧﺎﺳﺎ ﻳﺴﻌﻰ ﻟﻺﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﲆ أﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺣـﻮل ﻣـﻦ ﻧﺤﻦ وﻣﻦ أﻳﻦ أﺗﻴﻨﺎ . ﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻬﻤﺎت ﻧﺎﺳـﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ أوﺳﺎﻳﺮس رﻛﺲ ﻋﲆ ﺗﺤﺴـ ﻓﻬﻤﻨـﺎ ــــ ﺗُﻈﻬﺮ ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ - ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ 2 0 2 3