Free Astronomy Magazine September-October 2024

41 rounding matter and cause the re- gions above and below it to glow. This creates an effect reminiscent of fireworks brightening a cloudy nightsky.UnlikeNIRCam,however, whichmostlyshowsthelightthatis reflected off dust, MIRI provides a lookintohowtheseoutflowsaffect the region’s thickest dust and gases. The areas colored here in blue, whichencompassmostofthehour- glass, show mostly carbonaceous moleculesknownaspolycyclicaro- matic hydrocarbons. The protostar itself and the dense blanket of dust and a mixture of gases that surround it are repre- sented in red. (The sparkler-like red extensions are an artifact of the telescope’soptics).Inbetween,MIRI reveals a white region directlyabove and below the protostar, which doesn’t show as strongly inthe NIRCam view. This region is a mixture of hydrocarbons, ionized neon, and thick dust, which shows that the protostar propels this mat- terquitefarawayfromitasitmess- ily consumes material from its disk. As the protostar continues to ageand release energetic jets, it’ll con- sume, destroy, and push away much ofthismolecularcloud,andmany of the structures we see here will begin to fade. Eventually, once it finishes gathering mass, this impres- sive display will end, and the star it- self will become more apparent, even to our visible-light telescopes. The combination of analyses from both the near-infrared and mid-in- frared views reveal the overall be- havior of this system, including how thecentralprotostarisaffecting the surrounding region. Other starsin Taurus, the star-forming region where L1527 resides, are forming just like this, which could lead to other molecular clouds being dis- rupted and either preventing new starsfromformingorcatalyzing theirdevelopment.    SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER2024 ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ وﻫﺬا ﻳﺨﻠﻖ ﺗﺄﺛ اً ﻳﺬﻛﺮﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻌﺎب اﻟﻨﺎر ﻳـﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﴤء ﺳﻤﺎء اﻟﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﻐﺎﺋﻤﺔ وﻟﻜﻦ ﻋـﲆ ﻋﻜـﺲ ) ﻛـﺎﻣ ا ﻧ ﻛـﺎم ( اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗُﻈﻬـﺮ ﰲ اﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻀﻮء ا ﻨﻌﻜﺲ ﻋـﻦ اﻟﻐﺒـﺎر ﺗـﻮﻓﺮ ( ﻣ ي ) ﻛﺎﻣ ا ﻧﻈﺮة ﻋﲆ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﺄﺛ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺘﺪﻓﻘﺎت اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴﺔ ﻋﲆ اﻟﻐﺒـﺎر واﻟﻐـﺎزات اﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺳﻤﻜﺎً . ﰲ ا ﻨﻄﻘﺔ إن ا ﻨﺎﻃﻖ ا ﻠﻮﻧﺔ ﰲ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺼـﻮرة ﺑـﺎﻟﻠﻮن اﻷزرق واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺷـﻜﻞ اﻟﺴـﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺮﻣﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﻈﻬ ﺮ ﰲ ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻬﺎ ﺟﺰﻳﺌﺎت ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﺮف ﺑﺎﻟﻬﻴﺪروﻛﺮﺑﻮﻧﺎت ﻣﺘﻌﺪدة اﻟﺤﻠﻘـﺎت اﻟﻌﻄﺮ .ﻳﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴـﻞ اﻟـﻨﺠﻢ اﻷوﱄ ﻧﻔﺴـﻪ واﻟﻐﻄـﺎء اﻟﻜﺜﻴﻒ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺒﺎر وﺧﻠﻴﻂ اﻟﻐﺎزات ا ﺤﻴﻄﺔ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮن اﻷﺣﻤﺮ ) . اﻻﻣﺘﺪادات اﻟﺤﻤﺮاء اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ ا ﺎﺳﺔ ﻫﻮ ﺗﺎﺛ ﻧﺎﺗﺞ ﻋﻦ ـﺑـ ﴫﻳﺎت اﻟﺘﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ﻧﻔﺴـﻪ . ﰲ ا ﻨﺘﺼـﻒ ﻜﺸـﻒ ﺗ ( ﻣ ي ) ﻛﺎﻣ ا ﻋﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺑﻴﻀ ﺎء ﻣﺒﺎﴍة ﻓﻮق وﺗﺤﺖ اﻟـﻨﺠﻢ اﻷوﱄ واﻟﺘـﻲ ﻻ ﺗﻈﻬـﺮ ﺑﻘـﻮة ﰲ ﻋـﺮض ) ﻛـﺎﻣ ا ﻧ ﻛـﺎم ﻫـﺬه و ( ا ﻨﻄﻘ ــﺔ ﻋﺒ ــﺎرة ﻋ ــﻦ ﺧﻠ ــﻴﻂ ﻣ ــﻦ اﻟﻬﻴﺪروﻛﺮﺑﻮﻧﺎت واﻟﻨﻴـﻮن ا ﺘـﺄﻳﻦ واﻟﻐﺒـﺎر اﻟﻜﺜﻴﻒ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺪل ﻋﲆ أن اﻟﻨﺠﻢ اﻷوﱄ ﻳـﺪﻓﻊ ﻫﺬه ا ﺎدة ﺑﻌﻴﺪا ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﻦ وﻳﺴﺘﻬﻠﻚ ا ﻮاد ﻣـﻦ ﻗﺮﺻـﻪ ﺑﺸـﻜﻞ ﻋﺸـﻮاﺋﻲ وﻣـﻊ اﺳﺘﻤﺮار اﻟـﻨﺠﻢ اﻷوﱄ ﰲ اﻟﺘﻘـﺪم ﰲ اﻟﻌﻤـﺮ وإﻃﻼق ﻧﻔﺎﺛﺎت ﻧﺸـﻄﺔ ﻓﺈﻧـﻪ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻬﻠﻚ وﻳﺪﻣﺮ وﻳﺪﻓﻊ اﻟﻜﺜـ ﻣـﻦ ﻫـﺬه اﻟﺴـﺤﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺠﺰﻳﺌﻴﺔ ﺑﻌﻴﺪاً وﺳﺘﺒﺪأ اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻬﻴﺎﻛـﻞ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﻧﺮاﻫـﺎ ﻫﻨـﺎ ﰲ اﻟـﺘﻼﳾ وﰲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳـﺔ ﺑﻤﺠﺮد أن ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻛﺘﻠﺘﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻌﺮض ا ﺬﻫﻞ وﺳﻴﺼﺒ ﺢ اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ أﻛﺜﺮ وﺿﻮﺣﺎ ﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮﺑﺎت اﻟﻀﻮء ا ﺮﺋ . ﻲ ﻳﻜﺸﻒ اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑ اﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻼت ا ﺄﺧﻮذة ﻣـﻦ ﺻـﻮر اﻷﺷـﻌﺔ ﺗﺤ ـﺖ اﻟﺤﻤ ـﺮاء اﻟﻘﺮﻳﺒ ـﺔ واﻷﺷـﻌﺔ ﺗﺤـﺖ اﻟﺤﻤـﺮاء ا ﺘﻮ ﺳـﻄﺔ ﻋـﻦ اﻟﺴﻠﻮك اﻟﻌﺎم ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﺑﻤﺎ ﰲ ذﻟﻚ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﺄﺛ اﻟـﻨﺠﻢ اﻷوﱄ ا ﺮﻛـﺰي ﻋـﲆ ا ﻨﻄﻘـﺔ ا ﺤﻴﻄﺔ ﺗ. ﺘﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻷﺧﺮى ﰲ ﻛﻮﻛﺒـﺔ اﻟﺜﻮر وﻫﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺗﺸـﻜﻞ اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم ﺣﻴـﺚ ﻮﺟﺪ ﻳ اﻟﻨﺠﻢ L1527 ﺑﻬﺬه اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺆدي إﱃ اﺧﺘﻼل اﻟﺴﺤﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﻳﺌﻴﺔ اﻷﺧـﺮى وإﻣﺎ ﻣﻨﻊ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة ﻣـﻦ اﻟﺘﺸـﻜﻞ أو ﺗﺤﻔﻴﺰ ﺗﻄﻮ . رﻫﺎ L1527 اﻟﻤﻮﺿـــــــــــــــﺢ ﻓـــــــــــــــﻲﻫـــــــــــــــﺬﻩ اﻟﺼـــــــــــــــﻮرة اﻟﻤـﺄﺧﻮذة ﺑﻮاﺳــﻄﺔ ) ( ﻣــ ي) ــﺎﻣ ا اﻷﺷــﻌﺔ ﺗﺤــﺖ اﻟــ ـ ﻤﺮاء اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳـــﻄﺔ ( اﻟﺘﺎ ﻌــ ﺔ ﻟﺘﻠﺴـــ ﻮب و ﺐ ﻋ ﺎرة ﻋـﻦﺳـﺤﺎ ﺔ ـﺔ ﺟﺰ ﺌ ﺗﻀـﻢ ﺎً ﻧ ﻤـ ـ ﺎً أوﻟ وﺗ ﻌــــﺪ ﺣــــﻮاﻟﻲ 460 ﺳــــﻨﺔ ﺿــــﻮﺋ ﺔ ﻣــــﻦ اﻷرض ــــﺔ اﻟﺜــــﻮر ﻓـــﻲ ﻮﻛ . ــــﺄﺗﻲ اﻟﻀــــﻮء اﻷزرق اﻷﻛــــ اﻧﺘﺸـــــــﺎ ر ــــــــﺎت اﻟـــــــ ا واﻟ ﻛﻴ ـ ــــــــﺎت ﺨ ﻄ ﺔ ﻣــــــــﻦ ﻣﺮﻛ ـــــــﺪروﻛﺮﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﻌﻄﺮ ــــــــﺔ ﻋﻀـــــــﻮ ﺔ ﺗُﻌـــــــﺮف ﺎﻟﻬ ﻣﺘﻌـــﺪدة اﻟـــ ـ أن اﻟﻠـــﻮن اﻷ ﻤـــﺮ ﺤﻠﻘﺎت ﻓـــﻲﺣـــ ــﺎرة ﻋــﻦ ﻃ ﻘــﺔ ﺳــﻤ ﻜﺔ ﻓــﻲوﺳــﻂ اﻟﺼــﻮرة ﻋ ﻧﺸــﻄﺔ ﻣــﻦ اﻟ ــﺎرﺗﻐﻄــﻲ اﻟﺴــﻄﺢ ﻐــﺎزات واﻟﻐ . ـﺪورﺣـﻮل اﻟـﻨ ﻢ اﻷوﻟـﻲ واﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘـﺔ اﻟﻮاﻗﻌـﺔ ﺑ ـــﺎﻟﻠﻮن اﻷﺑـــ ﺾ ﻨﻬﻤـــﺎ ـــﺎرة ﻋـــﻦ ﺧﻠـــ ﻂ ﻫـــﻲﻋ ـﺪروﻛﺮﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﻌﻄﺮ ــﺔ واﻟﻐـﺎزاﻟﻤﺘــﺄﻳﻦ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﻬ وﺟﺰ ﺌـــــــــــﺎت أﺧـــــــــــﺮى . ﺗﺘﻀـــــــــــﻤﻦ ﻫـــــــــــﺬﻩ اﻟﺼـــــــــــﻮرة ﻣﺮﺷــــــــﺤﺎت ﺗﻤﺜــــــــﻞ 7.7 ــــــــﺎﻟﻠﻮن ﻣ ﻜــــــــﺮون ﺿــــــــﻮء اﻷزرق، و 12.8 ــﺎﻟﻠﻮن اﻷﺧﻀــﺮ، ﻣ ﻜــﺮون ﺿـﻮء و 18 ﻣ ﻜﺮون ﺿﻮء ﺎﻟﻠﻮن اﻷ ﻤﺮ . - ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ﺃﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ 2 0 2 4 41