Free Astronomy Magazine September-October 2024

Also involved in the work done on the M1 segment assemblies are: DutchcompanyVDLETGProjectsBV, whichisproducingthesegmentsup- ports; the German-French FAMES consortium, which has developed and is finalising manufacturing for the4500nanometric-accuracysensors monitoring the relative position of each segment; German company PhysikInstrumente,whichdesigned andismanufacturingthe2500actu- atorsabletopositionthesegmentto nanometricprecision;andDanish companyDSV,whichisinchargeof transportingthesegmentstoChile. Oncepolishedandassembled,each M1 segment is shipped across the oceantoreachtheELTTechnicalFa- cilityatESO’sParanalObservatoryin theAtacamaDesert—a10,000-kilo- metrejourneythatover70M1seg- mentshavealreadycompleted.In Paranal,onlyafewkilometresaway fromtheconstructionsiteoftheELT, each segment is coated with a silver layer to become reflective, after whichitwillbecarefullystoreduntil the telescope’s main structure is ready to receive them. When it starts operating later this decade,ESO’sELTwillbetheworld’s largest eye on the sky. It will tackle the biggest astronomical challenges of our time and make as-yet unimag- inablediscoveries.  39 ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ ﻳ ﺸﺎرك أﻳﻀًﺎ ﰲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ا ﻨﺠﺰ ﻋﲆ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻌﺎت ﻣﻘﻄـﻊ ا ـﺮأة M1: ـ اﻟـ ﴩﻛﺔ اﻟﻬﻮﻟﻨﺪﻳـﺔ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت اﻟﺘﻤﻜ " اﻟﺘـﻲ " ﰲ دي إل ﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﻫﺬه اﻷﺟﺰاء اﻟﺪاﻋﻤﺔ " ﻓﻴﻤـﺰ " واﺗﺤﺎد اﻷ ﺎﻧﻲ اﻟ ﻔﺮﻧﴘـ اﻟﺬي ﻗﺎم ﺑﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ ووﺿﻊ اﻟﻠﻤﺴـﺎت اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴـﺔ ﻋـﲆ ﺗﺼـﻨﻴﻊ أﺟﻬـﺰة اﺳﺘﺸﻌﺎر اﻟﺪﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﻧﻮﻣﱰﻳﺔ اﻟﺒﺎﻟﻎ ﻋـﺪدﻫﺎ 4500 واﻟ ﺘﻲ ﺗﺮاﻗـﺐ ا ﻮﻗـﻊ اﻟﻨﺴـﺒﻲ ﻟﻜـﻞ ﻗﻄــﺎع ـ واﻟ ــ " ﴩﻛﺔ اﻷ ﺎﻧﻴـــﺔ ﻓﻴﺰﻳ ــﻚ اﻧﺘﴪﻣﻴﻨﺘﻲ " اﻟﺘﻲ ﺻﻤﻤﺖ وﺻـﻨﻌﺖ 2500 ﻣﺸﻐﻞ ﻗﺎدر ﻋﲆ ﺗﺤﺪﻳـﺪ ﻣﻮﺿـﻊ اﻟﻘﻄﻌـﺔ ﻣﺸﻐﻞ ﻗﺎدر ﻋﲆ ﺗ ﺤﺪﻳـﺪ ﻣﻮﺿـﻊ اﻟﻘﻄﻌـﺔ ﺑﺪﻗـﺔ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﻣﱰﻳــﺔ ـ واﻟﺸـ ﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﺪاﻧﻤﺮﻛﻴــﺔ " دروب ﺷﻴﺐ ﻓﻴﻨﺪر " ا ﺴﺆوﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻘﻄﻊ إﱃ ﺗﺸﻴﲇ . ﺑﻤﺠﺮد ﺻﻘﻠﻬﺎ وﺗﺠﻤﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺷﺤﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻗﻄﻌـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ا ـﺮآة M1 ﻋـﱪ ا ﺤﻴﻂ ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮل إﱃ ﻣﺮﻓﻖ اﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮب اﻟﻜﺒ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳـﺔ اﻟﻔﻨـﻲ ﰲ ﻣﺮﺻـﺪ ﺑﺎراﻧـﺎل اﻟﺘـﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻـﺪ اﻷ وروﺑــﻲ اﻟﺠﻨ ـﻮﺑﻲ ﰲ ﺻـﺤﺮاء أﺗﺎﻛﺎﻣﺎ وﻫﻲ رﺣﻠﺔ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ 10,000 ﻛﻴﻠـﻮﻣﱰ ﺪ وﻗ اﻛﺘﻤﻠﺖ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ 70 ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻣـﻦ ا ـﺮآة M1 . وﰲ ﺑﺎراﻧـﺎل، ﻻ ﺗﺒﻌـﺪ ﺳـﻮى ﺑﻀـﻌﺔ وﰲ ﺑﺎراﻧﺎل ﻋﲆ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﻀﻌﺔ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﱰات ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺑﻨﺎء اﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮب ﺗﺘﻢ ﺗﻐﻄﻴـﺔ ﻛـﻞ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﺑﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﻓﻀﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺼﺒﺢ ﻋﺎﻛﺴﺔ وﺑﻌـﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﺣﺘـﻰ ﻳﺼـﺒﺢ اﻟﻬﻴﻜـﻞ اﻟﺮﺋﻴ ـ ﴘ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ﺟـﺎﻫﺰ اً ﻻﺳـﺘﻘﺒﺎﻟﻬﺎ وﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﺪأ ﺗﺸـﻐﻴﻠﻪ ﺳـﻴﻜﻮن اﻟﺘﻠﺴـﻜﻮب اﻟﻜﺒ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳﺔ أﻛـﱪ ﻋـ ﻧﺤـﻮ اﻟﺴـﻤﺎء ﰲ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ وﺳـﻮف ﻳﻌـﺎﻟﺞ أﻛـﱪ اﻟﺘﺤـﺪﻳﺎت ﰲ اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳـﺎء اﻟﻔﻠﻜﻴـﺔ وﻳﺤﻘـﻖ اﻛﺘﺸـﺎﻓﺎت ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺼﻮرﻫﺎ اﻵن . ﻈﻬﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺼﻮرة ﻣﻘﻄﻊ 949 ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﻘﻄ ﻌﮫ إﻟﻰﺷـ ﻠﮫ اﻟﺴﺪاﺳـﻲ وﺻﻘﻠﮫ ـ وﻫﻲ اﻟ ﺳﺘﻨﻔﺬﻫﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﺳﺎﻓﺮان ر ﻮﺳﻚ اﻟﻔﺮﺴ ﺔ ﺨﻄﻮات اﻟ . 949 th /949 ZERODUR