Free Astronomy Magazine September-October 2024

R Eternal sunrises and sunsets on distant world byNASA/ESA/CSA Hannah Braun ChristinePulliam esearchersusingNASA’sJames WebbSpaceTelescopehavefi- nallyconfirmedwhatmodels havepreviouslypredicted: An exoplanet has differences be- tween its eternal morning and eter- naleveningatmosphere.WASP-39 b,agiantplanetwithadiameter1.3 times greater than Jupiter, but simi- larmasstoSaturnorbitsastarabout 700 light-years away from Earth, is tidally locked to its parent star. This means it has a constant dayside and aconstantnightside—onesideof the planet is always exposed to its star, while the other is always shrouded in darkness. ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 24 ﺷﺮوق اﻟﺸﻤﺲوﻏﺮوﺑﻬﺎ اﻷ ﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻮﻛﺐ ﻌ ﺪ : ﻘﻠﻢ ﻫﺎﻧﺎ ﺑﺮاون ﺑﻮﻟ ﺎم وﻛﺮﺴﺘ و ﺎﻟﺔ ﻧﺎﺳﺎ / و ﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻔﻀﺎء اﻷوروﺑ ﺔ / و ﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻔﻀﺎء اﻟﻜﻨﺪ ﺔ ُ ﻈﻬﺮ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﺘﺨ ﻠﻲ اﻟﺸ ﻞ اﻟﺬ ـﮫ اﻟ ﻮﻛـﺐ اﻟ ـﺪو ﻋﻠ ﻤﻜﻦ أن ﻳ ﻨ ﻤـﻲ WASP-39 ﻨـﺎءً ﻋﻠـﻰ أرﺻــﺎد ـــﺐ اﻟﻔﻀـــﺎﺋﻲ اﻟﺘـــﺎﺑﻊ ﻟ اﻟﻌﺒـــﻮر ﻏـــ اﻟﻤ ﺎﺷـــﺮة ﻣـــﻦ ﺗﻠﺴـــ ﻮبﺟـــ ﻤﺲو ﻮ ﺎﻟـــﺔ ﻧﺎﺳـــﺎ ﺎﻹﺿـــﺎﻓﺔ إﻟـــﻰ اﻟﺘﻠﺴ ﻮ ﺎت اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋ ﺔ واﻷرﺿ ﺔ اﻷﺧﺮى ] . NASA, ESA, CSA, Ralf Crawford (STScI [( - ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ﺃﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ 2 0 2 4 أﻛـﺪ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻮن اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻮن ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب ﺟﻴﻤﺲ وﻳﺐ اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻲ اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻟ ﻮﻛﺎﻟﺔ ﻧﺎﺳـﺎ أﺧ اً اﻟﻨﻤﺎذج اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺒﺄت ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎً ﺑﺄن ﻫﻨـﺎك اﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎت ﺑـ اﻟﻜﻮﻛـﺐ اﻟﻨﺠﻤـﻲ وﻏﻼﻓـﻪ اﻟﺠﻮي ﰲ اﻟﺼﺒﺎح اﻷﺑـﺪي وا ﺴـﺎء اﻷﺑـﺪي . WASP-39 b ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﻋﻤـﻼق ﻳﺒﻠـﻎ ﻗﻄـﺮه 1.3 ﻣﺮة أﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ا ﺸـﱰي وﻟﻜﻨﻬـﺎ ﻣﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ ﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ زﺣﻞ و ﻳ ﺪور ﺣﻮل ﻧﺠـﻢ ﻳﺒﻌـﺪ ﺣﻮاﱄ 700 ﺳﻨﺔ ﺿﻮﺋﻴﺔ ﻋـﻦ اﻷرض وﻫـﻮ ﻣﻐﻠﻖ ﻣﺪﻳﺎً ﻟﻨﺠﻤﻪ اﻷم وﻫـﺬا ﻳﻌﻨـﻲ أن ﻟـﻪ ﺎً ﺟﺎﻧﺒ ﺎً ﺛﺎﺑﺘ ﺎً ﻧﻬﺎرﻳ ﺎً ﻟﻴﻠﻴ ﺎً وﺟﺎﻧﺒ ﺎً ﺛﺎﺑﺘـ ﺣﻴـﺚ ﻳﺘﻌﺮض أﺣﺪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ اﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ داﺋﻤـ ﺎً ﻟﻨﺠﻤـﻪ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻳﻜﺘﻨﻒ اﻟﻈﻼم اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ اﻵﺧﺮ داﺋﻤ .ﺎً