Free Astronomy Magazine September-October 2023 ARABIC VERSION

11 At the relatively young age of about 1 million years, HR 5999 and HR 6000 are the oldest of the stars in the Lupus 3 region. These stars are pre-main-sequence stars, mean- ing that despite their brightness, they are not yet powered by nuclear fusion, like our Sun. They are in- stead powered by gravity, which compresses and heats up the inter- nal matter. These sibling stars have blown away nearby gas and dust, illuminating the remnants and creating the Bernes 149 reflection nebula. When the true nature of this nebula was first discovered, astronomers hoped that it and similar regions would be useful in finding areas of recent or active star formation. This hunch was proven correct and Lupus 3 has since provided many insights into the early stages of star formation. Lupus 3 is one of at least nine clouds within the massive Lupus cloud complex. Lupus 3 itself stretches across an area of the sky equivalent to about 24 Moon-diameters as seen from Earth. With a whopping 2.2-degree field of view, DECcam can capture massive ob- jects like Lupus 3 in a single image. The pairing of DE- Cam’s wide-field ca- pabilities and the light-collecting ca- pabilities of the Víc- tor M. Blanco 4-me- ter Telescope’s wide mirror produces crisp, high resolu- tion images.    ﻀــﻲء اﻟﻨ ﻤـﺎن ــﺪاﺋ ﺎن اﻟ اﻟﺸــﺎ ﺎن ذوا اﻟﻜﺘﻠــﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﻀــﺔ HR 5999 و HR 6000 ــــﺎراﻟﻘﺮ ــــﺐ اﻟﻐ ــــﺰ ﻣﻤــــﺎ ﻳﺨﻠـــــﻖﺳــــﺪ ﻢ ﺑ 149 اﻻﻧﻌ ﺎﺳــــﻲ . ﻧﺸـــــﺄت ﻫــــﺬﻩ اﻟﻨﺠــــﻮم ﻣـــــﻦ اﻟﺴــﺤﺎ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻈﻠﻤــﺔ اﻟﻤﻐــ ة ﻟﻮﺑــﻮس 3 وﻫــﻲﺟــﺰء ﻣــﻦ ﺗ ﻤـﻊ أﻛــ ﻀـﻢ ﻣــﺎ ﺼــﻞ إﻟــﻰ ﺗﺴــﻊﺳـــﺤﺐ داﻛﻨـــﺔ . ] CTIO/NOIRLab/DOE/ NSF/AURA/T.A. Rector (University of Alaska Anchorage/NSF’s NOIR-Lab). Image Processing: D.deMartin &M.Zamani(NSF’s NOIRLab] ( ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم ا ﻌﺮوﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ TTauri واﻟﺘـﻲ ﺳﺘﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﰲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳـﺔ ﻣـﺎدة ) ﻟﻮﺑـﻮس (3 ﻟﺘﻨﻤﻮ ﻟﺘﺼﺒﺢ ﻧﺠﻮﻣًﺎ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ . ﰲ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺻ ﻐ ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺎً ﺣﻮاﱄ ﻣﻠﻴﻮن ﺳﻨﺔ ﻳﻌﺪ HR 5999 و HR 6000 أﻗ ـﺪم اﻟﻨﺠ ـﻮم ﰲ ﻟﻮﺑﻮس ) ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ (3 . ﻫﺬه اﻟﻨﺠﻮم ﻫـﻲ ﻣـﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻞ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﴘ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ أﻧﻬﺎ ﻋـﲆ اﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻄﻮﻋﻬﺎ اﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ إﻻ أﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺑﻌ ـﺪ إﱃ ﻣﺮﺣﻠ ـﺔ اﻟﺤﺼـﻮل ﻋـﲆ اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ـﺔ ﺑ ﺎﻻﻧﺪﻣﺎج اﻟﻨﻮوي ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﺑﻞ ﺗﺴـﺘﻤﺪ ﻃﺎﻗﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗﻀـﻐﻂ ا ـﺎدة اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ وﺗﺴـﺨﻨﻬﺎ . ﻗﺎﻣـﺖ ﻫـﺬه اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم اﻟﺸﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺑﻨﻔﺦ اﻟﻐﺎز واﻟﻐﺒﺎر ا ﺠـﺎ ور ﻣﻤـﺎ أﺿﺎء اﻟﺒﻘﺎﻳﺎ و ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﺑ ﻧـﺰ ) ﺳـﺪﻳﻢ 149 ( اﻻﻧﻌﻜﺎﳼ . ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻢ اﻛﺘﺸﺎف ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻫـﺬا اﻟﺴﺪﻳﻢ ﻷول ﻣﺮة اﻟ ﻛﺎن ﻌﻠﻤـﺎء ﻳـﺄﻣﻠﻮن أن ﻳﻜﻮن وا ﻨﺎﻃﻖ ا ﻤﺎﺛﻠـﺔ ﻣﻔﻴـﺪة ﰲ اﻟﻌﺜـﻮر ﻋـﲆ ﻣﻨـﺎﻃﻖ ﺗﺸـﻜﻞ اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜـﺔ أو اﻟﻨﺸﻄﺔ وﻗﺪ ﺛﺒﺘﺖ ﺻﺤﺔ ذﻟﻚ وﻣـﻦ ﺣﻴﻨـﻪ ) ﻗﺪم ﻟﻮﺑﻮس 3 ( أﻓﻜﺎر اً ﺣﻮل ا ﺮاﺣـﻞ اﻷوﱃ ﻟ ﺘﻜﻮﻳﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم ) ﻳﻌﺪ . ﻟﻮﺑﻮس 3 ( اً واﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺴﻊ ﺳﺤﺐ ﻋﲆ اﻷﻗﻞ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﺳﺤﺎﺑﺔ وﻣﻦ ﺧـﻼل ﻣﺠـﺎل رؤﻳـﺔ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﱪ ﻣﺴـﺎ ﺗﺠﻤـﻊ ﻫﺎﺋﻞ ﻳﺒﻠـﻎ ٢.٢ درﺟ ﺔ ﺗﺴـﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﻛ ـﺎﻣ ا دي ) (ﻛﺎم اﻟﺘﻘـﺎط أﺟﺴـﺎم ) ﺿﺨﻤﺔ ﻣﺜـﻞ ﻟﻮﺑـﻮس 3 ( ﰲ ﺻــﻮرة واﺣــﺪة وﻣﻊ إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴـﺎت ﺟﻤـﻊ اﻟﻀـــﻮء ﻟﻠﺘﻠﺴـــﻜﻮب ﻓﻴﻜﺘﻮر ﺑﻼﻧﻜﻮ اﻟﺒـﺎﻟﻎ أرﺑﻌﺔ أﻣﺘﺎر ﻳﻤﻜﻦ إﻧﺘﺎج ﺻﻮر ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺪﻗﺔ . ــــﺪ ُﻈﻬــــﺮﻫــــﺬا اﻟﻔ ـــــﺔ ﻳﻮ اﻟﺴــــﺤﺎ ﺔ اﻟﺒ ﻨ ﻤ اﻟﻀـــــــ ﻤﺔ اﻟﻤ ﻮﻧــــــــﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺠـــــــﻮم ) ﻟﻮﺑــــــــﻮس 3 ( وﺗﻜﺸــــــﻒ اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘـــــــﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰ ــــــﺔ اﻟﻤﺒﻬـــــــﺮة ــــﺔ اﻷﻃــــﺮافﻋــــﻦ ﻟﻬــــﺬﻩ اﻟﺴــــﺤﺎ ﺔ اﻟﻤ اﻣ ﺛﻨـــﺎﺋﻲ ﻣـــﻦ اﻟﻨﺠـــﻮم اﻟ ﺎﻓﻌـــﺔ ﻨﻔﺠـــﺮان ﻣـــﻦ ـــﺎر ﺷـــﺮاﻧﻘﺘﻬﻤﺎ اﻷﺻـــﻠ ﺔ اﻟﻤ ﻮﻧـــﺔ ﻣـــﻦ اﻟﻐ واﻟﻐـــــــــﺎزﻹﻟﻘـــــــــﺎء اﻟﻀـــــــــﻮء ﻋﻠـــــــــﻰ اﻟﺴـــــــــﺪ ﻢ اﻻﻧﻌ ﺎﺳﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺮوف ﺎﺳﻢ ﺑ ﺰ ) (149 ] CTIO/NOIRLab/DOE/ NSF/AURA/ T.A. Rector (Univ. of Alaska Anchorage/NSF’s NOIR- Lab) DSS 2/N. Bartmann/D. de Martin, M. Zamani & D. de Martin. Music: Stellard one − Airglow]. 11 - ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ﺃﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ 2 0 2 3