Free Astronomy Magazine September-October 2022 ARABIC VERSION

elements in supernova ex- plosions. These elements are layered like an onion pre-supernova. Hydro- gen is found in the outermost layer of a star, and if is de- tected in the aftermath the su- pernova, that means it was stripped away before . ﻣﺠﻠﺔ Astronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ ٤٣ ﻳﻜﺘﺸﻒ ﻋﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﻔﻠﻚ ﺑﺼﻤﺔ ﻋﻨﺎﴏ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔـﺔ ﰲ اﻧﻔﺠﺎرات ا ﺴﺘﻌﺮات أﻟﻌﻈﻤﻰ . ﺗﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﻨﺎﴏ ﰲ ﻃﺒﻘﺎت ﺗﺸﺒﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﺎت ﺣﺒﺔ اﻟﺒﺼﻞ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻧﻔﺠﺎر ا ﺴﺘﻌﺮ اﻷﻋﻈـﻢ، ﺑﺤﻴـﺚ ﻳﻜـﻮن اﻟﻬ ﻴﺪروﺟ ﰲ اﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠـﻨﺠﻢ وإذا ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﺘﺸﻒ اﻟﻬﻴ ﺪروﺟ ﺑﻌﺪ ا ﺴﺘﻌﺮ اﻷﻋﻈـﻢ ﻓﻬﺬا ﻳﻌﻨﻲ اﻧﻪ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺠﺮﻳﺪه ﻗﺒﻞ ﺣﺪوث اﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎر ﻳﻮﺿـــﺢ ﻫـــﺬا اﻟﺮﺳـــﻢﺻـــﻮرة اﻟﻤﺴــــﺘﻌﺮاﻷﻋﻈـــﻢ ) ((SN 2013ge ، واﻟــــﻨ ﻢ اﻟﻤﺼـــﺎﺣﺐ ﻟـــﮫ ﻓـــﻲ أﺳــــﻔﻞ اﻟ ﻤ . اﻟﻨ ﻢ اﻟﻤﺼـﺎﺣﺐ ﺘـﺄﺛﺮ ﻤﻮﺟـﺔ اﻻﻧﻔﺠـﺎرﻣـﻦ اﻟﻤﺴـﺘﻌﺮاﻷﻋﻈـﻢ ، ﻟ ـﺪﻣﺮ ﻜﻨـﮫ ﻟـﻢ . ﻤـﺮوراﻟﻮﻗـﺖ ﻻﺣــــﻆﻋﻠﻤــــﺎء اﻟﻔﻠــــﻚ ﺗﻼﺷــــﻲﺿــــﻮء اﻷﺷــــﻌﺔ ﻓــــﻮق اﻟ ﻨﻔﺴــــﺠ ﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴــــﺘﻌﺮاﻷﻋﻈــــﻢ ، وﻛﺸــــﻔﻮا ﻋــــﻦ ﻳﺤـﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠـﻰﺳـﻄﻮﻋﮫ ﻣﺼـﺪرﺛـﺎنٍ ﻗﺮ ـﺐﻣـﻦ ﺿـﻮء اﻷﺷـﻌﺔ ﻓــﻮق اﻟ ﻨﻔﺴـﺠ ﺔ اﻟـﺬ . اﻟﻨﻈﺮ ـﺔ ﻫــﻲ أن ﺗﻄـــﻮرا ﻣﻌًـــﺎ ﻛــﺰوج ﺛﻨـــﺎﺋﻲ، وأن اﻟﻨـــﺎﺟﻲ اﻟـــ اﻟﻀـــ ﻤ اﻟﻨ ﻤــ ـ ـــﺪر ﺤﺎﻟﻲﻗــﺪﺳـــﺤﺐ ﻏـــﺎزاﻟﻬ وﺟ ﻣـــﻦ اﻟﻐﻼف ـاﻟ ﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﺸﺮﻜﮫ ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﻨﻔﺠﺮوﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎ ﺔ ﺳﻮف ﺘﺤـﻮل اﻟـﻨ ﻢ اﻟﻤﺼـﺎﺣﺐ إﻟـﻰﻣﺴـﺘﻌﺮ أﻋﻈﻢ . ﺳﺒﺘﻤ أﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ 2022 [NASA, ESA, Leah Hustak (STScI)] ﻠﺔ A tr ﺎﻟ ﺔ