Free Astronomy Magazine September-October 2022 ARABIC VERSION

conventional aircraft, and mystifica- tion. A small fraction of the sight- ings could be traced back to flight tests of experimental military air- craft, while about 700 cases remain unexplained. “Unexplained” should be interpreted as there simply not being enough elements to define the nature of what was observed. For many science fiction enthusiasts, “unexplained” became synonymous with aliens. “Coincidently,” in the second half of the 1950s and with Project Blue Book fully operational, the “field” of ufology was born. The followers of this pseudoscience appropriately ignored the conclu- sions of the USAF, summarized in the famous Condon Report: 1) no investigated sightings indicated possible threats to national security; and tothose of the time; 3) there was no ev- that - ﻣﺠﻠﺔ Astronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ ١٦ ﻛﺎﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮات اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳـﺔ ، وﻳﻤﻜـﻦ إرﺟـﺎع ﺟـﺰء ﺻﻐ ﻣﻦ ا ﺸﺎﻫﺪات إﱃ اﺧﺘﺒـﺎرات اﻟﻄـ ان ﻟﻠﻄﺎﺋﺮات ا ﻟﻌﺴـﻜﺮﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﻳﺒﻴـﺔ ، ﰲ ﺣـ أن ﻫﻨﺎك ﺣﻮاﱄ ٧٠٠ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻻ ﺗـﺰال " ﻏـ ﻗﺎﺑﻠـﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺴ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻳﺠـﺐ وﺿـﻊ ﺗﻌﺮﻳـﻒ واﺿـﺢ ﻟﻌﺒﺎرة " ﻏ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺴ " ﻷﻧﻪ ﺑﺒﺴﺎﻃﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻋﻨﺎﴏ ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ اﻷﺟﺴﺎم اﻟﺘﻲ ﺷﻮﻫﺪت أﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺎق ﻗﺼﺺ اﻟﺨﻴﺎل اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ أﺻﺒﺢ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﻏ " ﻗﺎﺑﻠــﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺴــ " ﻣﺮادﻓًــﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺨ ﻠﻮﻗــﺎت اﻟﻔﻀـﺎﺋﻴﺔ "و ، ﻣـﻦ ﻗﺒﻴـﻞ اﻟﺼـﺪﻓﺔ اﻧـﻪ " ﰲ اﻟﻨﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﻤﺴﻴﻨﻴﺎت وﻣﻊ اﻟﻘﻴـﺎم ﺑ ﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺑﺮﻧـﺎﻣﺞ " اﻟﻜﺘـﺎب اﻷزرق " ﺑﻜﺎﻣـﻞ ﻇﻬﺮ ﻃﺎﻗﺘﻪ " ﻣﺠـﺎل ﻋﻠـﻢ اﻟﻴﻮﻓﻮﻟـﻮﺟﻲ أو " ﻋﻠﻢ اﻷﺟﺴﺎم اﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮة ا ﺠﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺠﺎﻫﻞ أﺗﺒﺎع ﻫﺬا اﻟﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﺰاﺋـﻒ ﺟﻤﻴـﻊ اﺳـﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﺎت اﻟﻘﻮات اﻟﺠﻮﻳﺔ اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻠﺨﻴﺼـﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﻛﻮﻧﺪون اﻟﺸﻬ :١( ﻟﻢ ﺗﻮﺿـﺢ أي ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪات ﺗـﻢ اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴـﻖ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ إﱃ ﺗﻬﺪﻳـﺪات ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ ﻟﻸﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﻮﻣﻲ ٢ ( ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ دﻟﻴﻞ ﻫﻨﺎك ﺑﺄن ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ﺳﺒﺘﻤ أﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ 2022 إدوارد رو ﻠــﺖ ــﺎ اﻟ ) ﻘــﻒ ﻓــﻲ اﻟﻮﺳــﻂ ، ﻓــﻲﻣــﺆﺗﻤﺮﺻــﺤﻔﻲﻋــﺎم ١٩٥٢ ( أول ﻣـﺪﻳﺮﻟﻤﺸــﺮوع ﻏﺮادج (1951) ﺛﻢﻣﺪﻳﺮﻣﺸﺮوع اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻷزرق )ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎرس ١٩٥٢ ﻧﻬﺎ ﺔ ﻋﺎم ﺣ ١٩٥٣ ( أﺣــــــﺪ اﻟﺘﻘــــــﺎر ﺮ اﻟﺪور ــــــﺔ ﻗﺎﻣــــــﺖ ﺑﻬــــــﺎ اﻟﻘــــــﻮات اﻟــــــ ــــــﺪة ﻟﻤﺸــــــﺮوع اﻟﻜﺘــــــﺎب اﻷزرق ، واﻟــــــ اﻟﻌﺪ ـ ﺠﻮ ﺔ ــــﺔ اﻷﻣﺮ ﻜ ﺑﺮﺻــــﺪ اﻷﺟﺴــــﺎم اﻟﻄــــﺎﺋﺮة ﻣﺠ ــــﺔ ﻬﻮﻟــــﺔ اﻟﻬﻮ . ﻓــــﻲ اﻟﻤﻘﺘﻄــــﻒ اﻟــــ ـ ﺠﺎﻧ ، ﺎﻹﺿــــ ﺎﻓﺔ إﻟــــﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﺸــــﺮوع ــــﺪ اﻟﻌــــﺮض اﻟﺘﻤﻬ ﻓﻘــــﺪ ًــــﺎ ﻣــــﻊ ﺗﻠــــﻚ ﺗﺘﻄــــﺎﺑﻖﻋﻤﻠ ــــﻼغ ﻋــــﻦ اﻻﺳــــﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﺎت اﻟــــ ﺗــــﻢ اﻹ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻘﻮد اﻟﺘﺎﻟ ﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﻢ ﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻤﻴﻊ ﺑﺮاﻣﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﺒ ﺎﻧﺎت اﻟ .