Free Astronomy Magazine July-August 2023 ARABIC VERSION

T Rubin Observatory reaches major milestone by NOIRLab − Charles Blue he NSF-funded Vera C. Rubin Observatory has reached a major construction milestone with the completion of the tele- scope structure, known as the Tele- scope Mount Assembly. This desig- nation means that the telescope, named the Simonyi Survey Tele- scope, is on track to receive the ob- servatory’s massive 8.4-meter mirror, 3200-megapixel LSST Camera (the largest digital camera ever con- structed for astronomy, funded by the Department of Energy and built at SLAC National Accelerator Labo- ratory), and other precision optical components. Rubin will be a pio- neering observatory designed to ex- plore the mysteries of dark matter, study the enigmatic nature of dark energy, and probe many other grand challenges of cosmology, as- tronomy, and astrophysics. It also will be the first observatory de- signed to study the changing Uni- verse, essentially making “movies” of the night sky. These remarkable capabilities come, in part, from the telescope’s revolutionary design. ﻳﻮﻟﻴﻮ - ﺃﻏﺴﻄﺲ 2 0 2 3 ﻣﺮﺻﺪ ﻓ ا ﺳﻲ روﺑ ﺼﻞﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔﻫﺎﻣﺔ ﻻﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎل ا ﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﻀﺨﻢ اﻟﺬي ﻳﺒﻠﻎ 8.4 ﻣﱰًا وﻛﺎﻣ ا LSST ﺑﺪﻗﺔ 3200 ﻣﻴﺠﺎﺑﻜﺴﻞ أﻛﱪ ) ﻛﺎﻣ ا رﻗﻤﻴﺔ ﺗﻤ ﺻ ﺖ ﻨﺎﻋﺘﻬﺎ ﻋـﲆ اﻹﻃـﻼ ق ﻟﻌﻠ ـﻢ اﻟﻔﻠ ـﻚ ﺑﺘﻤﻮﻳــﻞ ﻣــﻦ وزارة اﻟﻄﺎﻗــﺔ اﻻﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ و ﺑﻨﻴﺖ ﰲ ﻣﺨﺘﱪ ا ﺴ ـ ﺮع اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ ( ﺳﻼك ) وﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎت ﺑﺼ ـ ﺮﻳﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ أﺧﺮ .ى روﺑ ـﻦ ﺳ ـﻴﻜﻮن ﻣﺮﺻ ـﺪًا راﺋــﺪًا ﻣﺼ ـﻤﻤًﺎ ﻻﺳﺘﻜﺸـﺎف أﻟﻐـﺎز ﻣﺤـ ة ا ـﺎدة ا ﻈﻠﻤـﺔ ودراﺳﺔ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ اﻟﻐﺎﻣﻀﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ ا ﻈﻠﻤـﺔ ــ : ﻘﻠﻢ ﺗﺸﺎرﻟﺰ ﻟﻮ - ﻧﻮ) ﻣﺨﺘ ﻳﺮﻻب ( ــــ ـــــــــــ ـ ﺮﺻﺪ ﻣ ﻓ ا ﳼ روﺑـﻲ اﻟﺬي ﺗﻤﻮﻟـﻪ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮم اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ اﻻﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ إﱃ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺑﻨ ـﺎء رﺋﻴﺴـﻴﺔ ﻣ ـﻊ اﻻﻧﺘﻬ ـﺎء ﻣ ـﻦ ﻫﻴﻜ ـﻞ اﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮب ا ﻌﺮوف ﺑﺎﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻠـﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮب ﻣﺎ ﻨﻲﻳﻌ ﺑﺄن اﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮب ا ﺴـﻤﻰ ﺗﻠﺴــﻜﻮب ﺳــﻴﻤﻮﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺴــﺢ ﰲ ﻃﺮﻳﻘــﻪ ﻻﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎل واﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎف اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﺘﺤـﺪﻳﺎت اﻟﻜـﱪى اﻷﺧــﺮى ﻟﻌﻠــﻢ اﻟﻜﻮﻧﻴــﺎت ، وﻋﻠــﻢ اﻟﻔﻠــﻚ واﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎء اﻟﻔﻠﻜﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺸﻐﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء . ﻛﻤﺎ أﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﻜﻮن أول ﻣﺮﺻﺪ ﻣﺼﻤﻢ ﻟﺪراﺳـﺔ اﻟﻜﻮن ا ﺘﻐ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳ ﺼـﻨﻊ ﺑﺸـﻜﻞ أﺳـﺎﳼ أﻓﻼم " " ﻋﻦ ﺳﻤﺎء اﻟﻠﻴﻞ . ان ﻫﺬه اﻟﻘﺪرات اﻟﺮاﺋﻌﺔ واﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺮﺻﺪ روﺑ ﺗﺄﺗﻲ ﻣـﻦ ﺟﺰﺋﻴًـﺎ ﻃﺮﻳﻘـﺔ اﻟﺘﺼـﻤﻴﻢ ا ﺒﺘﻜﺮة ﻟﻬﺬا ﻟﻠﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮب . ﻞـ وﺻ