Free Astronomy Magazine July-August 2023 ARABIC VERSION

In addition to its searc cal counterparts to waves, BlackGEM will surveys of the souther Its operations are full meaning the array can quickly find and observe ‘transient’ astronomical events, which appear suddenly and quickly fade out of view. This will short-lived astronomical phenom- ena such as supernovae, the huge explosions that mark the end of a massive star’s life. “Thanks to Black- GEM, La Silla now has the potential to become a major contributor to tran- sient research,” says Ivo Saviane, site manager at ESO’s La Silla Observa- tory. “We expect to see many outstand- ing results con- tributed by this project, which will expand the reach of the site for both the scientific com- munity and the give astronomers deeper insight into public at large.”    ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 21 ﻣﻤﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﰲ إﻟﻘﺎء اﻟﻀﻮء ﻋﲆ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣـﻦ أﻛﺜﺮ اﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮﺑﺎت ﺗﻄﺮﻓﺎً . اﻷﺣﺪاث ﰲ اﻟﻜـﻮن ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﱃ ﺑﺤﺜﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﻈﺮاء اﻟﺒﺼـ ﺮﻳ ـ ﻮﺟﺎت اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﺔ ﺳﺘﺠﺮي ﻣﺼـﻔﻮﻓﺔ ّﺑـﻼك "ﺟﻴﻢ أﻳﻀًﺎ ﻣﺴﻮﺣﺎت ﻟﻠﺴﻤﺎء اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻴـﺔ إن . ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت آﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣـﻞ ﻣﻤـﺎ ﻳﻌﻨـﻲ أن ا ﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻬﺎ اﻟﻌﺜﻮر ﴎﻳﻌﺎً ﻋﲆ اﻷﺣﺪاث اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة " " وﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﻬـﺎ واﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗﻈﻬـﺮ ﻓﺠـﺄة وﺑﴪﻋﺔ ﺗﺘﻼﳽﻋﻦ اﻷﻧﻈﺎر . ﺣﺘـــﻰ اﻵن ، ﺗ ـــﻢ اﻛﺘﺸﺎف ﻧﻈ ﻣﺮﺋﻲ واﺣـﺪ ﻓﻘـﻂ ﺼـﺪر ﻣﻮﺟــﺔ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴــﺔ . ﻮﻛﺐ اﻟﺰﻫﺮة ﺘﺄﻟﻖ ﻓﻮق ﻣﺮﺻﺪ ﻻﺳ ﻼ اﻟﺘـﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻـﺪ اﻷوروﺑــﻲ اﻟـــﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﻓـﻲ ﺗﺸــ ﻠﻲ ﺗـﻢ . اﻟﺘﻘــــﺎط اﻟﺼــــﻮرة ﻗﺒــــﻞ اﻟﻔﺠــــﺮﻣ ﺎﺷــــﺮة ﺎﺗﺠـــــﺎﻩ اﻟﺸـــﺮق وﻫــــﻲ ﺗﻌــــﺮض أ ﻀًـــﺎ اﻟﻀــــﻮء اﻟ وﺟــــﻲ ﺿـــــــﻮء اﻟﺸـــــــﻤﺲ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺸـــــــﺮﺑﻮاﺳـــــــﻄﺔ ﺟﺰ ﺌـــــــﺎت ــﺎرﻓــﻲ اﻟﻨﻈـــﺎم اﻟﺸﻤﺴــﻲ اﻟﻐ . ــﺐ اﻟﻘ اﻟـــﺜﻼث اﻟﻤﻮﺟـــــــــــــﻮدة ﻋﻠـــــــــــــﻰ ﺴــــــــــــــﺎر اﻟﻄﺮ ـــــــــــــﻖ ﻫــــــــــــــ ﻲ ﺗﻠﺴ ﻮ ﺎت " ﻼك ﺟ ﻢ " . [ESO] ُﻈﻬـﺮﻫـﺬا اﻟﻤﻮﻧﺘـﺎج ﻣـﻦ اﻟﻄـﺎﺋﺮات اﻟـﺪرون واﻟﻠﻘﻄـﺎت اﻟﺜﺎ ﺘـﺔ اﻟﺘﻠﺴــ ﻮ ﺎت اﻟﺜﻼﺛـﺔ ﻟﻤﺼـﻔﻮﻓﺔ " ﺑـﺮك ﺟـ ﻢ " ﻓـﻲﻣﺮﺻــﺪ ﻻ ﺳـ ﻼ اﻟﺘـﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻـﺪ اﻻروﺑــﻲ اﻟــــﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﻓـــﻲ ﺗﺸـــ . ﻠﻲ ﻳﻮﺟـــﺪ ﻫـــﺬا اﻟﻤﻮﻗـــﻊ ﻋﻠـــﻰ ار ﻔـــﺎع ٢٤٠٠ ﻣـــ ﻓـــﻲ ﻇﺮوف رﺻﺪ ﻧﻘ ﺔ ﺻﺤﺮاء أﺗﺎ ﺎﻣﺎ و ﻌﻄﻲ اﻟﻔﻠﻜﻴ . [ESO] وﺑﴪﻋﺔ ﺗﺘﻼﳽ ﻋﻦ اﻷﻧﻈﺎر ﺳـﻴﻌﻄﻲ ﻫـﺬا ﻗﺼـ ة اﻟﻌﻤـﺮ ﻣﺜـﻞ ا ﺴـﺘﻌﺮات اﻟﻌﻈﻤـﻰ واﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎرات اﻟﻀﺨﻤﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺸـ إﱃ ﻧﻬﺎﻳـﺔ ﺣﻴﺎة ﻧﺠﻢ ﺿﺨﻢ . ﻳﻘـﻮل إﻳﻔﻮ ﺳﺎﻓﻴﺎن ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ا ﻮﻗﻊ ﺑ ﻤﺮﺻﺪ ﻻ ﺳﻴﻼ " : ﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﻣﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ " ﺑـﻼك ﺟـﻴﻢ " أﺻﺒﺢ ﻟـﺪ ﻳﻨﺎ اﻵن اﻟﻘـﺪرة ﻧ ﻋﲆ أن ﺼـﺒﺢ ﻣﺴـﺎﻫﻤﺎً رﺋﻴﺴـــﻴﺎً ﰲ اﻷﺑﺤـــﺎث اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة ." ﻧﺘﻮﻗﻊ أن ﻧـﺮى اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺒﺎرزة ﻟ ﻬــﺬا ا ــ ـ ﴩوع واﻟﺘــﻲ ﺳﺘﻮﺳﻊ ﻣﻦ وﺻﻮﻟ ﻨﺎ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣــﻦ ا ﺠﺘﻤــﻊ اﻟﻌﻠﻤــﻲ واﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮر ﻋﺎﻣ .ﺔ ﻳﻮﻟﻴﻮ - ﺃﻏﺴﻄﺲ 2 0 2 3