Free Astronomy Magazine July-August 2022 ARABIC VERSION

entists and engineers built a ‘tele- scope simulator’ — a replica of the upper segments of the Víctor M. Blanco 4-meter Telescope — that al- lowed them to thoroughly test DECam before shipping it to Cerro Tololo in Chile. DECam was created to conduct the Dark Energy Survey (DES), a six-year observing campaign (from 2013 to 2019) involving over 400 scientists from 25 institutions in seven coun- tries. This international collabora- tive effort set out to map hundreds of millions of galaxies, detect thou- sands of supernovae, and discover delicate patterns of cosmic struc- ture — all to provide much-needed details of the mysterious dark en- ergy that is accelerating the expan- sion of the Universe. Today DECam is still used for programs by scien- tists from around the world con- tinuing its legacy of cutting-edge science.   T image from the Dark Energy Camera, a state-of-the art wide-field imager he interacting galaxy pair NGC 1512 and NGC 1510 take center stage in this on the Víctor M. Blanco 4-meter Telescope at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Ob- servatory, a Program of NSF’s NOIRLab. NGC 1512 has been in the process of merging with its smaller galactic neighbor for 400 million years, and this drawn- out interaction has ignited waves of star formation and warped both galaxies. [Dark Energy Survey/DOE/FNAL/DECam/CTIO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA. Image process- ing: T.A. Rector (University of Alaska Anchorage/NSF’s NOIRLab), J. Miller (Gemini Observatory/NSF’s NOIRLab), M. Zamani & D. de Martin (NSF’s NOIRLab)] ﻟﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﺒﺎر ﻛﺎﻣﲑا (DECam) ﺑﺪﻗﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم ﺑ إﱃ ﺎ ﺸﺤﻨﻬ ﻣﺮﺻﺪ ﺳﲑو ﺗﻮﻟﻮﻟﻮ ﺗﺸﻴﲇ . ﰎ ﺗﺼ ﻴﻊ ﻛﺎﻣﲑا (DECam) ﻹﺟﺮاء ﻟ ﻣﺴﺢ ﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﳌﻈﻠﻤﺔ، وﻫﻲ ﺣﻤﻠﺔ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻣﺪﺗﻬﺎ ﺳﺖ ﺳﻨﻮات ﻣﻦ ) ٢٠١٣ إﱃ ٢٠١٩ ( ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﻣﺪﺗﻬﺎ ﺳﺖ ﺳﻨﻮات ﻣﻦ ) ٢٠١٣ إﱃ ٢٠١٩ ( ﺗﻀــﻢ أﻛــﱶ ﻣـﻦ ٤٠٠ ﻋـﺎﱂ ﻣـﻦ ٢٥ ﻣﺆﺳﺴــﺔ ﺳــﺒﻌﺔ ﺑﻠــﺪان . اﻧﻄﻠـــﻖ ﻫــﺬا اﳉﻬــﺪ اﻟﺘﻌـــﺎوﱐ اﻟـــﺪوﱄ ﻟﺮ ﺳـــﻢ ﺧـــ ﺮاﺋﻂ ﳌﺌـــﺎت اﳌﻼﻳـــﲔ ﻣـــﻦ اﳌﺠﺮات اﳌﺠﺮات إﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﱃ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻘﻴـﺎم ﺑ ﺎﻛﺘﺸـﺎف اﻵﻻف ﻣﻦ اﳌﺴﺘﻌﺮات اﻟﻌﻈﻤ ﻰ واﻛﺘﺸـﺎف أﳕـﺎط د ﻗﻴﻘـﺔ ﻟﻠﺒ ﻴـﺔ اﻟﻜﻮﻧﻴـﺔ وﻏﲑﻫـﺎ، ﻛـﻞ ذﻟـــﻚ ﻳﻬـــﺪف إﱃ ﺗـــﻮﻓﲑ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻـــﻴﻞ اﻟـــﱵ ﺗﺸﺘﺪ اﳊﺎﺟﺔ إﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﳌﻌﺮﻓـﺔ ﻣﺎﻫﻴـﺔ ا ﻟﻄﺎﻗـﺔ اﳌﻈﻠﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﺎﻣﻀﺔ اﻟﱵ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋـﲆ ﺗﴪـﻳﻊ اﻧ ﺘﺸـــﺎر اﻟﻜـــﻮن . اﻟﻴـــﻮم ﻻ ﺰال ﺗـــ اﻟﻜـــﺎﻣﲑا (DECam) ﺗ ا ﺴــﺘﺨﺪم ﻟـــﱪاﱅ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴــﺔ اﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔــﺔ ﻣـــﻦ ﻗﺒــﻞ اﻟﺒــﺎﺣﺜﲔ ﻣــﻦ ﺟﻤﻴــﻊ أﻧﺤــﺎء اﻟﻌــﺎﱂ ﳌﻮاﺻــﻠﺔ إرﺛﻬــ ﺎ ﳌﺴــﺎﻫﻤﺔ اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻄﻮر اﻟﻌﻠﻮم . ﻳﺤﺘـﻞ زوج اﻟﻤﺠـﺮة اﻟﺘﻔـﺎﻋﻠﻲ NGC 1512 و NGC 1510 ـﺎﻣ ا ﻣﺮﻛــﺰاﻟﺼـﺪارة ﻓــﻲﻫـﺬﻩ اﻟﺼــﻮرة ﻣـﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟ ﻤﻈﻠﻤﺔ ، وﻫﻲأﺣﺪثﻣﺼﻮرواﺳﻊ اﻟﻤﺠﺎل ﻋﻠﻰﺗﻠﺴ ﻮب VíctorM. Blanco ﻳ ﻠـﻎ اﻟـﺬ ار ﻔﺎﻋﮫ ٤ أﻣﺘﺎرﻓﻲﻣﺮﺻﺪ ﺳ و ﺗﻮﻟﻮﻟـﻮ ـﺔ ﻟﻠ ﻠـﺪان اﻻﻣﺮ ﻜ ، وﻫـﻮ ﺑﺮ ـﺎﻣﺞ ﺗـﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴـﺔ NOIRLab . ﺎﻧــﺖ NGC 1512 ﻓــﻲﻃــﻮراﻻﻧــﺪﻣﺎجﻣــﻊﺟﺎرﻬــﺎ اﻟﻤﺠﺮ ــﺔ اﻷﺻــﻐﺮﻟﻤــﺪة ٤٠٠ ﻣﻠﻴــﻮنﺳــﻨﺔ ، وﻗــﺪ أد ﻫﺬا اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ إﻟﻰإﺷﻌﺎل ﻣﻮﺟﺎتﻣﻦ ﺗﺸ ﻞ اﻟﻨﺠﻮموﺗﺸﻮﻩ ﻠﺘﺎ اﻟﻤﺠﺮ . [Dark Energy Survey/DOE/FNAL/DECam/CTIO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA. Image processing: T.A. Rector (University of Alaska Anchorage/ SF’s NOIRLab), J. Miller (GeminiObservatory/ SF’s NOIRLab), M. Zamani & D. de Martin (NSF’s NOIRLab)] ﻣﺠﻠﺔ Astronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ ٤ ٣