Free Astronomy Magazine May-June 2024 ARABIC VERSION

day before to head towards the northeastern United States in the hope of more reassuring skies. The band of totality in which the total eclipse could be seen was about 200 kilometers wide, with the duration of totality decreasing from the center of the band to its edges. Outside, observers were able to observe only a partial eclipse, more-or-less impressive depending onthedistancefromthisband.The Sun's shadow moved at a speed of about 2500 km/h. Personally, I made the trip to Mazatlán, Mexico, the first city hit by the Moon's shadow coming from the Pacific to the northeast. The cloudyskythedaybeforehadwor- riedeveryone,butthenextday,at seven in the morning, the sky was enoughclear,withsomelightcirrus clouds.ThecityofMazatlánhador- ganizedanobservationsiteinthe center of the city, in collaboration with NASA, and with the presence of Fred Espenak, the famous “Mr. Eclipse.” The place was expected to be crowded with people and not conducive to the installation of as- tronomical equipment. Our small group of eclipse hunters set up on the beach just before 9 a.m., near our hotel, north of downtown. Some of us had brought spotting scopes, equatorial mounts, tele- photo lenses and even an H a solar telescope. Setting up a day station isalwayscomplicated.Afterhaving set the latitude of the place at ap- proximately23°north,itisnecessary to orient the axis towards the true north, using a compass, and correct- ing the magnetic declination be- tween magnetic north and true north, here of 6°40'. You then point attheSunandfocusprecisely;fortu- nately,twosmallgroups ofsunspots ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 5 ﺷﺎﻃﻰء ﻣﺎزاﺗﻼن ﻋﻠﻰﺣﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻤﺤ ﻂ اﻟﻬﺎد أول ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻤﺴﻬﺎ ﻇﻞ اﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺎﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻲﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻜﺴ ﻚ ﺛﻢ ﺗﻜﺴﺎس ﻣﻮﻧ ﺎل وﻣﺎ ﻌﺪﻫﺎ وﺣ ] F. Blateyron [ . . ﰲ اﻟﻴﻮم اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﺤـﻮ ﺷـﻤﺎل ﴍق اﻟﻮﻻﻳـﺎت ا ﺘﺤـﺪة ﻋـﲆ أﻣـﻞ ﺳـﻤﺎء أﻛﺜـﺮ . ﻃﻤﺄﻧﻴﻨﺔ ﻛﺎن ﻋﺮض ﻣﺴﺎر اﻟﻜﺴﻮف اﻟﻜﲇ اﻟﺬي ﻳﻤﻜﻦ رؤﻳﺔ اﻟﻜﺴﻮف اﻟﻜﲇ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺣﻮاﱄ 200 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﱰ ﻣﻊ اﻧﺨﻔﺎض ﻣﺪة اﻟﻜﺴـﻮف اﻟﻜﲇ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ا ﺴﺎر إﱃ ﺣﻮاﻓـﻪ وﺧـﺎرج ا ﺴﺎر ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﺮاﺻﺪون ﻣﻦ رﺻﺪ ﺳﻮى ﻛﺴﻮف ﺟﺰﺋﻲ وﻫﻮ أﻣ ﺮ ﻣﺜـ ﻟﻺﻋﺠـﺎ ب إﱃ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد اً ﻋﲆ ا ﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬا ا ﺴﺎر . ﻳﺘﺤﺮك ﻇﻞ اﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﺑﴪﻋﺔ ﺗﺒﻠﻊ ﺣﻮاﱄ 2500 ﻛ ﻴﻠﻮﻣﱰ ﺑﺎﻟ . ﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺎ ﻗﻤﺖ ﺑﺮﺣﻠﺔ إﱃ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻣﺎزاﺗﻼن ﺑﺎ ﻜﺴﻴﻚ أول ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻳﺴﻘﻂ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻇﻞ اﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﻗﺎدﻣ ﺎً ﻣﻦ ا ﺤﻴﻂ اﻟﻬـﺎدئ إﱃ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل اﻟﴩﻗﻲ . ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﺴـﻤﺎء ا ﻠﺒـﺪة ﺑﺎﻟﻐﻴﻮم ﰲ اﻟﻴﻮم اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﺗﺜ ﻗﻠﻖ اﻟﺠﻤﻴـﻊ وﻟﻜﻦ ﰲ اﻟﻴﻮم اﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺴـﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﺎً ﺻﺒﺎﺣ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﺴﻤﺎء ﺻﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺑﺪرﺟﺔ ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺴﺤﺐ اﻟﺮﻗﻴﻘﺔ اﻟﺨﻔﻴﻔﺔ . ﻧﻈﻤﺖ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻣﺎزاﺗﻼن ﻣﻮﻗﻌ ﺎً ﻟﻠﺮﺻﺪ ﰲ وﺳﻂ ا ﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎون ﻣﻊ وﻛﺎﻟﺔ ﻧﺎ ﺳﺎ وﺑﺤﻀـﻮر ) ﻓﺮﻳـﺪ إﺳﺒﻴﻨﺎك ( اﻟﺸﻬ اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ” ﺑـ إﻛﻠﻴـﺒﺲ . ﻛـﺎن ﻣﻦ ا ﺘﻮﻗﻊ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ا ﻜﺎن ﻣﺰدﺣﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨـﺎس وﻏ ﻣﻼﺋﻢ ﻟﱰﻛﻴﺐ ا ﻌﺪات اﻟﻔﻠﻜﻴﺔ . اﺳﺘﻘﺮت ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺘﻨﺎ اﻟﺼﻐ ة ﻣﻦ ﻣﻄـﺎردي اﻟﻜﺴـﻮف ﻋﲆ اﻟﺸﺎﻃﺊ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﺳـﻌﺔ ﺻـﺒﺎﺣﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮب ﻣﻦ ﻓﻨﺪﻗﻨﺎ ﺷﻤﺎل وﺳﻂ ا ﺪﻳﻨﺔ . ﻟﻘـﺪ أﺣﴬـ اﻟــﺒﻌﺾ ﻣﻨ ـﺎﻇ رﺻــﺪ و ﻗﻮاﻋــﺪ اﺳﺘﻮاﺋﻴﺔ وﻋﺪﺳﺎت ﻣﻘﺮﺑﺔ وﺣﺘـﻰ ﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ﻫﻴﺪروﺟ أﻟﻔﺎ اﻟﺸﻤﴘ . ﻳﻌﺪ إﻧﺸﺎء ﻣﺤﻄﺔ ﻧﻬﺎرﻳﺔ أﻣﺮ اً . ﺎً داﺋﻤ اً ﻣﻌﻘﺪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﺤﺪﻳـﺪ ﻣﺮﻛـﺰ ا ﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎون ﻣﻊ وﻛﺎﻟـﺔ ﻧﺎﺳـﺎ وﺑﺤﻀـﻮر ﻓﺮﻳﺪ إﺳﺒﻴﻨﺎك، ﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺧﻂ ﻋـﺮض ا ﻜـﺎن ﻋﻨﺪ ﺣﻮاﱄ 24 درﺟﺔ ﺷﻤﺎﻻً وﻻ ﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺟﻴـﻪ ا ﺤﻮر ﻧﺤـﻮ اﻟﺸـﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘـﻲ ﺑﺎﺳـﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ وﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ا ﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ . - ﻣﺎﻳﻮ ﻳﻮﻧﻴﻮ 2 0 2 4 ﺗـﻢ إﺣﻀـﺎر ﻣﻌـﺪات ﺷـﻤﻠﺖ ﺗﻠﺴـ ﻮب Eclipse TSAPO60/360 اﻟﻤـــــــــــــــــــﺰود ﻔﻠـــــــــــــــــــ Baader اﻟﺸﻤﺴـــــﻲوﺣﺎﻣـــــﻞ ﺳـــــﺘﺎرادﻓﺎﻧﺸـــــﺮ ) ﺟـــــﻲ ﺗـــــﻲ ( أي ﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ اﻟﺬ ﺷﺎﺣﻦ ﻃﺎﻗـﺔ روي ) ﺑﻮف ( وﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺛﻼﺛﻲ اﻟﻘﻮاﺋﻢ ، و ﺎﻣ ا Canon 90D ﻣﻊ ﺟﻬﺎزﺗ ﻢ ﻋـﻦ ﻌـﺪ ﻻﺳـﻠﻜﻲ ـﺎﻣ ا و GoPro 11 ] F. Blateyron [.