Free Astronomy Magazine May-June 2024 ARABIC VERSION

rapidlyonitsownaxisandpossesses a powerful magnetic field. These propertiesresultintwinbeamsof radiation that sweep the sky 11 timespersecond,justlikethecon- sistent blips ofa rotatinglighthouse bulb.Thishigh-quality image demonstrates the incredible deep and wide capabilities of DECam. From its vantage point in the Chilean Andes, the Blanco telescope re- ceives light that has traveled across the Universe. After entering the telescope’s tube, the light is reflected by a mirror 4-meters (13- feet) wide — a mas- sive,aluminum-coated and precisely shaped piece of glass roughly the weight of a semi- truck.Thelightisthen guided into the opti- cal innards of DECam, passing through a cor- rective lens nearly a meter(3.3feet)across beforefallingonagrid of 62 charge-coupled devices (CCDs), which act like the ‘eyes’ of the camera. The in- coming light is then convertedintoelectri- cal signals which are read out as pixels. A single image taken with DECam has 570 megapixels, so with multiple exposures stacked on top of one another,theamountof detail that can be captured is truly re- markable. Owing to DECam’s large mosaic of CCDs, astronomers are able tocreatemesmerizing imagesoffaintastro- nomical objects, such as the Vela Supernova Remnant, that offer a limitlessstarscapetoexplore.      ﰲ ﺟﺒـﺎل اﻷﻧ ـﺪﻳﺰ اﻟﺘﺸـﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺣﻴ ـﺚ ﻳﺴ ـﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺗﻠﺴ ـﻜﻮب ﺑﻼﻧﻜﻮ اﻟﻀﻮء اﻟـﺬي ﺳـﺎﻓﺮ ﻋﱪ اﻟﻜﻮن . ﺑﻌﺪ دﺧـﻮل اﻟﻀـﻮء أﻧﺒـﻮب اﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮب ﻳﻨﻌﻜﺲ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﻣﺮآة ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﻗﻄﺮﻫـﺎ 4 أﻣﺘـﺎر )13 -( ﺎً ﻗﺪﻣ وﻫـﻲ ﻗﻄﻌـﺔ زﺟﺎﺟﻴ ـﺔ ﺿ ـﺨﻤﺔ ﻣﻄﻠﻴ ـﺔ ﺑﺎ ﻷ ﻨﻴﻮم وذات ﺷﻜﻞ دﻗﻴـﻖ ﺗــﺰن ﺗﻘﺮﻳ ﺎً ﺒــ وزن ﻧﺼــﻒ . ﺷﺎﺣﻨﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﺗﻮﺟﻴـﻪ اﻟﻀـﻮء إﱃ اﻷﺟﺰاء اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ ا ﻟﺒﴫﻳﺔ ﻟ ) ﻜﺎﻣ ا دي ﻛﺎم ( وﻳﻤﺮ ﻋﱪ ﻋﺪﺳــﺔ ﺗﺼــﺤﻴﺤﻴﺔ ﻳﺒﻠــﻎ ﻋﺮﺿـﻬﺎ ﺣـﻮاﱄ ﻣ ـﱰ )3.3 ( ﻗﺪم ﻗﺒـﻞ أن ﻳﺴـﻘﻂ ﻋـﲆ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ 62 ﺟﻬـﺎز ﺗﺠﻤﻴــﻊ اﻟﺸــﺤﻨ ) ﺔ CCD ( و اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﺜـﻞ " ﻋﻴـﻮن " اﻟﻜﺎﻣ ا . ﻳﺘﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ اﻟﻀـﻮء اﻟﻮارد إﱃ إﺷﺎرات ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴـﺔ ﺗﺘﻢ ﻋـﺪ ذﻟـﻚ ﻗﺮاءﺗﻬـﺎ ﻋـﲆ ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﺑﻜﺴﻼت . ﺗﺤﺘ ـﻮي اﻟﺼـﻮرة اﻟﻮاﺣ ـﺪة ا ﻠﺘﻘﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻛـﺎﻣ ا ) دي ﻛــــﺎم ( ﻋــــﲆ 570 ﻣﻴﺠﺎﺑﻜﺴﻞ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻘﻴـﺎم ﺑ ﺘﻌﺮﻳﻀﺎت ﺿﻮﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻌـﺪدة ﻣﱰاﻛﻤــﺔ ﻓــﻮق ﺑﻌﻀــﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻓﺈن ﻣﻘﺪار اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻴﻬـ ﺎ ﺳﻴﻜﻮن راﺋﻊ .ﺟﺪاً ﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﻓﺴﻴﻔﺴـﺎء ﻛـﺎﻣ ا ) دي ﻛﺎم ( اﻟﻜﺒ ة ﻣ أ ﻊ ةﺟﻬﺰ اﻗﱰان اﻟﺸﺤﻨ ﺔ أﺻﺒﺢ ﻋﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﻔﻠﻚ ﻗـﺎدرﻳ ﻦ ﻋـﲆ إﻧﺸـﺎء ﺻــﻮر ﰲ ﻏﺎﻳــﺔ اﻟﺠﻤــﺎل ﻟﻸﺟﺮام اﻟﻔﻠﻜﻴﺔ اﻟﺨﺎ ﻓﺘﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ا ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ اﻷ ﺴﺘﻌﺮ ﻋﻈﻢ اﻟﴩاع ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 23 ﺗﺆدي ﻫﺬه اﻟﺨﺼـﺎﺋﺺ إﱃ ﻇﻬـﻮر ﺷـﻌﺎﻋ ﻣﺰدوﺟ ﻣﻦ اﻹﺷﻌﺎع ﻳﺠﺘﺎﺣﺎن اﻟﺴـﻤﺎ ء 11 ﻣﺮة ﰲ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ، ﺗﻤﺎﻣًﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻮﻣﻀﺎت اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘـﺔ ﺼﺒﺎح ا ﻨﺰل اﻟﺪوار . ﺟ اﻧﻪ اﻟﺴﻤﺎوﻳ . ﻣﻨﺎ ﺼﺒﺎح رة دوارة . ﺗﻮﺿـﺢ ﻫـﺬه اﻟﺼـﻮرة ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺠﻮدة اﻟﻘـ ﺪرات اﻟﻌﻤﻴﻘـﺔ واﻟﻮاﺳـﻌﺔ ا ﺬﻫﻠﺔ ﻟ ) ﻜﺎﻣ ا دي ﻛﺎم ( ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ ا ﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﰲ ﺟﺒﺎل اﻷﻧﺪﻳﺰ اﻟﺘﺸﻴﻠﻴﺔ، ﻳﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ﺑﻼﻧﻜﻮ اﻟﻀﻮء اﻟﺬي ﺳﺎﻓﺮ ﻋﱪ اﻟﻜﻮن . ﺟ اﻧﻪ ا ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ اﻷ ﺴﺘﻌﺮ ﴩاع ـاﻟ ﻋﻈﻢ واﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗـﻮﻓﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪاً ﻧﺠﻤﻴـ ﺎً ﻻ ﺣـﺪود ﻟـﻪ ﺑﻬـﺪف اﻟﻘﻴـﺎم ﺑﺪراﺳﺘﻪ و اﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎﻓﻪ . - ﻣﺎﻳﻮ ﻳﻮﻧﻴﻮ 2 0 2 4