Free Astronomy Magazine May-June 2023 ARABIC VERSION

MAY-JUNE 2023 sented some few blocks of stone and an enormous quantity of gravel. The dimensions were found to corre- spond exactly to those given by the French surveyors. The depth from the rim is about 60 metres and the tops of some high trees standing on the bottom of the crater are consid- erably below the top of the rim. At places the inclination of the inner slope was nearly 60°. Also here the condition of the materials showed traces of a formidable explosion, and here again many bits of white limestone were lying on the ground. The rim was elevated some metres above the level of the plateau on which this crater is situated. The bot- tom of the crater is flat, and here Mr. Carattié has arranged a small vineyard and garden.” Luplau Janssen’s description of Le Clot is undoubtedly detailed, but purely qualitative, not including geophysical or mineralogical analy- ses. After all, as he himself points out, he is an astronomer, not a geol- ogist. Nevertheless, some of his ob- servations are consistent with the findings previously made by the two French geologists: he reports, for example, about a rim raised a few meters above the level of the sur- rounding terrain and about traces of an explosive event which would have caused rocks to emerge from depth, two observations in agreement with the meteoritic impact scenario. Lu- plau Janssen continues: “As we have already said, the crater is circular, presenting an elevated rim, but a closer examination of the latter re- veals a very remarkable thing. The rim has some depressions, two of them being rather distinct. If we ex- amine the surroundings, we find that the crater overlies one or possi- bly two ravines torn out of the plateau on which ‘Le Clot’ is situated. This leads us directly to the well- known case of the Hyginus ridge on the moon, where we also find a crater overlying a ravine. Just as in the case of the Cabrerolles Crater, the ravine is older than the crater, which completely interrupts it. Obvi- ously, as the French geologists also ﻳﺒﻠﻎ اﻟﻌﻤﻖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺎﻓﺔ ﺣﻮاﱄ ٦٠ ﻣﱰًا وﺗﻘـﻊ ﻗﻤﻢ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻷﺷﺠﺎر اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﻒ ﰲ ﻗـﺎع اﻟ ﻔﻮﻫﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻗﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﻓﺔ و ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻷﻣـﺎﻛﻦ ﻛﺎن ﻣﻴﻞ ا ﻨﺤﺪر اﻟﺪاﺧﲇ ٦٠ د رﺟﺔ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒًﺎ . ﻫﻨﺎ أﻳﻀًﺎ أﻇﻬﺮت ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ا ـﻮاد آﺛـﺎرًا ﻻﻧﻔﺠـﺎر ﻫﺎﺋﻞ وﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﺮة أﺧﺮى ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻄـﻊ اﻟﺤﺠﺮ اﻟﺠ ي اﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﻳﻠﻘﻰ ﻋﲆ اﻷرض . ﺗﻢ رﻓﻊ اﻟﺤﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻷﻣﺘﺎر ﻓـﻮق ﻣﺴـﺘﻮى اﻟﻬﻀﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺤﻔﺮة . ان ﻗﺎع اﻟﻔﻮﻫـﺔ ﻣﺴـﻄﺢ وﻫﻨـﺎ ﻗـﺎم اﻟﺴـﻴﺪ ﺟ وم ﻛﺎرت ﺑﻌﻤـﻞ ﻣﺰرﻋـ ﺔ ﻋﻨـﺐ ﺻـﻐ ة . وﺣﺪﻳﻘﺔ ﻟﻘـﺪ وﺻـﻒ اﻟﻌ ـﺎﻟﻢ ﻟﻮﺑﻠــﻮ ﻳﺎﻧﺴـﻦ ﻓﻮﻫــﺔ ﻟﻮ " " ﻛﻠﻮت ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻔﺼﻞ ﺑﻼ ﺷﻚ ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻧـﻮﻋﻲ ﺗﻤﺎﻣًﺎ وﻻ ﻳﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻼت اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﺎﺋﻴـﺔ أو ا ﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ، ﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﻞ ﳾء ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺸ ﻫـﻮ ﻧﻔﺴـﻪ ـــ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻋﺎﻟﻢ ﻓﻠﻚ وﻟﻴﺲ ﺟﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴًﺎ وﻣﻊ ذﻟﻚ ﻓﺈن ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺗﻪ ﺗﺘﻔﻖ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺻﻞ إﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺳﺎﺑﻘًﺎ اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎن اﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺎن : ﻳﻔﻴﺪ ﻋﲆ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ا ﺜﺎل ﻋﻦ ﺣﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻌﺔ ﻋـﲆ ﺑﻌﺪ أﻣﺘـﺎر ﻗﻠﻴﻠـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻣﺴـﺘﻮى اﻟﺘﻀـﺎرﻳﺲ ا ﺤﻴﻄﺔ وﻋﻦ آﺛﺎر ﺣـﺪث ﻣﺘﻔﺠـﺮ ﻛـﺎن ﻣـﻦ ﺷﺄﻧﻪ أن ﻳﺘﺴﺒﺐ ﰲ ﻇﻬﻮر اﻟﺼﺨﻮر ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻤﻖ وﻫﻤــﺎ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺘــﺎن ﺗﺘﻔﻘ ـﺎن ﻣ ـﻊ ﺳـﻴﻨﺎرﻳﻮ اﻻﺻﻄﺪام اﻟﻨﻴﺰﻛﻲ . ﻳﺘﺎﺑﻊ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻟﻮﺑﻠﻮ ﻳﺎ : " ﻧﺴﻦ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﻨـﺎ ﺳـﺎﺑﻘًﺎ اﻟﻔﻮﻫﺔ داﺋﺮﻳـﺔ وذات ﺣﺎﻓـﺔ ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻌـﺔ ﻟﻜـﻦ اﻟﻔﺤﺺ اﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖ ا ﻷﺧ ﻳﻜﺸـﻒ ﺷـﻴﺌًﺎ راﺋﻌًـﺎ ــــ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳﺔ ، ﺗﺤﺘﻮي اﻟﺤﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﲆ ﺑﻌﺾ ا ﻨﺨﻔﻀﺎت اﺛﻨﺘﺎن ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺘﺎن ﻧﻮﻋًﺎ ﻣﺎ . إذا ﻓﺤﺼﻨﺎ ا ﻨﺎﻃﻖ ا ﺤﻴﻄﺔ وﺟﺪﻧﺎ أن اﻟﻔﻮﻫﺔ ﺗﻐﻄﻲ واﺣﺪًا أو اﺛﻨ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮدﻳﺎن ا ﻤﺰﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻬﻀﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﻮﻛﻠﻮت " ﻓﻮﻫﺔ " ﻳﻘﻮدﻧﺎ ﻫﺬا ﻣﺒﺎﴍة إﱃ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ا ﻌﺮوﻓﺔ ﺑ ﺎﺧﺪود ﻫﺠﻴﻨﻮس ﻋﲆ ﺳﻄﺢ اﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻧﺠﺪ أﻳﻀًﺎ ﻓﻮﻫﺔ ﻓـﻮق اﺧـﺪود ﺗﻤﺎﻣًـﺎ ﻛﻤـﺎ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟـﺔ ﻓﻮﻫـﺔ ﺑﻠﺪﻳـﺔ ﻛﺎﺑﺮﻳﺮﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﺈن اﻟﻮادي أﻗﺪم ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﻮ ﻫﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻘﻄﻌﻬـﺎ ﺗﻤﺎﻣًـﺎ ، ﻣـﻦ اﻟﻮاﺿـﺢ ﻛﻤـﺎ ﻳﻘـﻮل اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﻮن اﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﻮن أﻳﻀًـﺎ أن اﻟـﻮادي ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﻛﺎﺑﺮﻳﺮﻟﻴﺲ - ﻣﺎﻳﻮ ﻳﻮﻧﻴﻮ 2023 ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﺟﻮي ﻟ ﻠﻮت " ﻔﻮﻫﺔ " ﺣ ﺚ ﻈﻬﺮ ﻬﺎ ﺷ ﻠ اﻟـﺪاﺋﺮي وﺗﻔﺎﺻـﻴﻞ ا ﻟﺘﻀـﺎرﺲﻟﻔ ﻮﻫـﺔ اﻟﺼـﺪﻣﺔ ﺸــــ ﻞ واﺿــــﺢ ﺟــــﺪًا . ــــﺎن ﻌﻄــــﻲ اﻟﺸﺨﺼــــﺎن اﻟﻤﺮ أدﻧــــﺎﻩ ) ( ــــ ﻋﻠــــﻰ اﻟﻄﺮ ــــﻖ اﻟ اﺑ ﺔ ــــ اﻟﻤﺆد ﺔ إﻟــــﻰ اﻟﻔــﻮﻫﻰ ﻓﻜــﺮة ﻋــﻦ ﻧﺴــﺐ اﻟﻤﺸــﻬﺪ . ﻫــﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﻨــﺎﻃﻖﻫـﻲﺟــﺰء ﻣــﻦ ﻣﺘــ ﻩ ﻟﻨﻐــﺪوك اﻹﻗﻠ ﻤــﻲ اﻟﻄﺒ ﻌﻲ ] . دو ﻣ ﺘﻴﻮر دوﻣ www.domainumeteore.com [