Free Astronomy Magazine March-April 2025 ARABIC VERSION

andALMA,allowed astronomersto study the relation- shipbetweenlarge- scale molecular cloud structures and the birth of protostarsandclus- ters. “Studying YSOs in the LMC gives as- tronomers a front- row seat to witness thebirthofstarsin anearbygalaxy.For the first time, we canobserveindivid- uallow-massproto- stars similar to the Sun forming insmall clusters—out- side of our own Milky Way Galaxy” , shares Isha Nayak, leadauthorofthis 37 research, “Wecanseewithunprece- dented detail extragalactic star for- mation in an environment similar to how some of the first stars formed in the universe.” With this new research, scientists haveobservedYSOsatvariousevo- lutionary stages, from very young embedded protostars to more evolved objects ionizing their sur- roundings. This data provides in- sights into the complex chemistry occurringinthesestellarnurseries, includingthepres- ence of ice, or- ganic molecules, anddust,connect- ing the formation of stars to the broader story of howelementsand compoundsared i s t r i b u t e d throughout the universe. These diverse ob- servations deepen astronomers’ un- derstanding of the entire life cycle of massive stars. Nayak adds, “By shedding light on the birth of a su- perstarclusterin a nearby galaxy, thisresearchhelps usunderstandthe processes that shaped the first stellarclustersand galaxies in our universe and ulti- mately led to our existence.”  ﺻــﻮرة ــﺔ ﺗــﻢ إﻧﺸــﺎؤﻫﺎ ﺎﺳــﺘﺨﺪام ﺑ ﺎﻧـــﺎت ﻣﺮﻛ ــﺐ ﺗﻠﺴــ ﻮب و و ﻣﺮﺻــﺪ أﻟﻤــﺎ ــﺚ ﺣ ﻈﻬــﺮاﻟﻀـــﻮء ــﺎﻟﻠﻮن اﻷﺻـﻔﺮﺑ ﻨﻤــﺎ اﻟﻤﻨ ﻌـﺚ ﻣــﻦ اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم ﻤﺜــﻞ ـــــــــــــﻮﻳﻦ اﻟﻨﺠـــــــــــــﻮم اﻟﻠـــــــــــــﻮن اﻷزرق واﻷرﺟـــــــــــــﻮاﻧﻲ ﺗ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻮء ﺎﻟﻐ ﺎرواﻟﻐﺎز . [NSF/AUI/NSF NRAO/S.Dagnello] ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 37 ﻓﺮ ﺗﻮ أرﺻﺎد ﻣﺮﺻﺪ أ ﺎ ﺳ ـﻴﺎﻗًﺎ ﻫﺎﻣــﺎً ﻟﻔﻬــﻢ اﻟﺒﻴﺌ ـﺔ اﻷﻛـﱪ ﻧﻄﺎﻗ ًـﺎ اﻟ ﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻟ . ﻀﺨﻤﺔ ﻟﻘـﺪ ﺳــﻤﺢ ﻫــﺬا اﻟﺒﺤــﺚ ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻷﻃﻮال ا ﻮﺟﻴﺔ اﻟــﺬي ﻳﺠﻤــﻊ ﺑــ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت ﻣﻦ ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب وﻳـﺐ ﻟﻌﻠﻤ ـﺎء اﻟﻔﻠ ـﻚ ﺑﺪراﺳـﺔ اﻟﻌﻼﻗـﺔ ﺑـ ﻫﻴﺎﻛ ـــﻞ اﻟﺴــــﺤﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﻳﺌﻴﺔ اﻷﻛﱪ ﻧﻄﺎﻗًـﺎ ووﻻدة اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻷ وﻟﻴـﺔ واﻟﻌﻨﺎﻗﻴﺪ . إن دراﺳــﺔ اﻷﺟـــﺮام اﻟﺴ ـﻤﺎوﻳﺔ اﻟﺸ ـﺎﺑﺔ ﰲ ﺳﺤﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﺎﺟﻼ ن اﻟﻜﱪى ﺗﻤــﻨﺢ ﻋﻠﻤ ـﺎء اﻟﻔﻠــﻚ ﰲ اً ﻣﻘﻌﺪ اﻟﺼـﻒ اﻷول ﻟﻴﺸﻬﺪوا وﻻدة اﻟﻨﺠﻮم ﰲ ﻣﺠﺮة . ﻗﺮﻳﺒـﺔ وﻷول ﻣﺮة، ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﻣﻼﺣﻈـﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺠﺮة ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺔ وﻷول ﻣﺮة ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ رﺻﺪ ﻧﺠﻮم أوﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﺮدﻳﺔ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ اﻟﺸـﻤﺲ ﺗﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﰲ ﺻﻐ ﻋﻨﺎﻗﻴﺪ ة ﺧﺎرج ﻣﺠﺮﺗﻨﺎ درب اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻧﺔ . ﺗﺸﺎرﻛﻨﺎ إﻳﺸﺎ ﻧﺎﻳﺎك ا ﺆﻟﻔﺔ اﻟﺮﺋﻴ ﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﺒﺤﺚ، " ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ أن ﻧﺮى ﺑﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﻏـ ﻣﺴﺒﻮﻗﺔ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم ﺧﺎرج ا ﺠﺮة ﰲ ﺑﻴﺌـﺔ ﻣﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ ﻟ ﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم اﻷوﱃ ﰲ اﻟﻜﻮن ." ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻫﺬا اﻟﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﺠﺪﻳـﺪ رﺻـﺪ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء أﺟﺮاﻣـﺎ ﺳـﻤﺎوﻳﺔ ﺷـﺎﺑﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺮاﺣـﻞ ﺗﻄﻮرﻳﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ ا ﺪﻣﺠـﺔ اﻟﺼﻐ إﱃ اً ة ﺟﺪ أﺟﺮ ام ﺳﻤﺎوﻳﺔ أﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻄ اً ﻮر ـ ﺄﻳﻦ ﺗـ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻬـﺎ . ﺗﻘـﺪم ـــــ ﻫــﺬه اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧــﺎت ﻧﻈــﺮة ﺛﺎﻗﺒـــﺔ إﱃ اﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴـــﺎء ا ﻌﻘﺪة اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗﺤـﺪث ﰲ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺤﺎﺿﻨﺎت اﻟﻨﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﺑﻤﺎ ﰲ ذﻟﻚ وﺟﻮد اﻟﺠﻠﻴـﺪ واﻟﺠﺰﻳﺌــﺎت اﻟﻌﻀــﻮﻳﺔ واﻟﻐﺒــﺎر وﺗــﺮﺑﻂ ﺑــ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم واﻟﻘﺼـﺔ اﻷوﺳﻊ ﻟﻜﻴﻔﻴـﺔ ﺗﻮز ﻳـﻊ اﻟﻌﻨ ـﺎﴏوا ﺮﻛﺒ ـﺎت ﰲ ﺟﻤﻴــﻊ أﻧﺤــﺎء اﻟﻜــﻮن وﺗﻌﻤـﻞ ﻫـﺬه اﻷرﺻـﺎد ا ﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﲆ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﻖ ﻓﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﻔﻠﻚ ﻟﺪورة ﺣﻴﺎة اﻟﻨﺠـــﻮم اﻟﻀـــﺨﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ . ﺗ ﻀــﻴﻒ ﻧﺎﻳــﺎك " : ﻣــﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻂ اﻟﻀﻮء ﻋﲆ وﻻدة ﻋﻨﻘـــﻮد ﻧﺠﻤــﻲ ﻫﺎﺋﻞ ﰲ ﻣﺠﺮة . ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻳﺴـﺎﻋﺪﻧﺎ ﻫـﺬا اﻟﺒﺤــﺚ ﻋﲆ ﻓﻬﻢ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺷــﻜﻠﺖ أول اﻟ ﻌﻨﺎﻗﻴــﺪ اﻟ ﻨﺠﻤﻴــﺔ و ا ﺠــﺮات ﰲ اﻟﻜﻮن وأدت ﰲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳـﺔ إﱃ وﺟﻮدﻧﺎ ." رﺳـــﻢ ﺗﺨ ﻠــــﻲ ﻋــــﻦ ﺗﺸــــ ﻞ اﻟﻨﺠــــﻮم اﻟﺸــــﺎ ﺔ ﻓــــﻲﺳــــﺤﺎ ﺔ ﻣــــﺎﺟﻼن اﻟﻜــــ ى . ﺗﻈﻬــــﺮاﻟﻨﺠــــﻮم اﻟﻀــــ ﻤﺔ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻓ ﮫ واﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ داﺧﻞ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﺴﺪ ﻤﻲ اﻟﺬ . [NSF/AUI/NSFNRAO/S.Dagnello] ﺃﺑﺮﻳﻞ - ﻣﺎﺭﺱ 2 0 2 5