Free Astronomy Magazine March-April 2025 ARABIC VERSION

T Extreme supersonic winds measured on WASP-127b byESO BárbaraFerreira ornados, cyclones and hurri- canes wreak havoc on Earth, butscientistshavenowde- tected planetary winds on an en- tirelydifferentscale,faroutsidethe SolarSystem.Eversinceitsdiscovery in2016,astronomershavebeenin- vestigating the weather on WASP- 127b, a giant gas planet located over 500 light-years from Earth. The planetisslightlylargerthanJupiter, buthasonlyafractionofitsmass, making it ‘puffy’. An international team of astronomers have now madeanunexpecteddiscovery:su- personic winds are raging on the planet. “Part of the atmosphere of this planet is moving towards us at a high velocity while another part is moving away from us at the same speed,” says Lisa Nortmann, a scien- tist at the University of Göttingen, Germany,andleadauthorofthe s t u d y. “Thissig- nal shows usthatthere is a very fast, su- personic, jet wind aroundtheplanet’s equator.” At9kmpersecond(which is close to a whopping 33,000km/h), the jet winds move at nearly sixtimesthespeedatwhichthe MARCH-APRIL2025 : ﻘﻠﻢ ﺎر ﺮا ﻓ ﺮا اﻟﻤﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟـﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ أﻷﻋﺎﺻـ ا ﺪارﻳـﺔ واﻷﻋﺎﺻـ ا ﻟﻘﻤﻌﻴـﺔ ﺗﺴﺒﺐ ﰲ إﺣﺪاث دﻣـﺎر ﻫﺎﺋـﻞ ﻋـﲆ اﻷرض وﻟﻜﻦ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﺘﺸﻔﻮا ﺣﺘﻰ اﻵن رﻳﺎﺣﺎ ﻛﻮﻛﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﲆ ﻧﻄﺎق ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً ﺑﻌﻴﺪاً ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﺸ . ﻤﴘـ ﻣﻨـﺬ اﻛﺘﺸـﺎﻓﻪ ﰲ ﻋـﺎم 2016 ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﻔﻠﻚ ﻳﺒﺤﺜﻮن ﰲ اﻟﻄﻘﺲ ﻋـﲆ WASP-127b وﻫــﻮ ﻛﻮﻛـﺐ ﻏــﺎزي ﻋﻤﻼق ﻳﻘﻊ ﻋﲆ ﺑﻌﺪ أﻛﺜـﺮ ﻣـﻦ 500 ﺳـﻨﺔ ﺿﻮﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻷرض . اﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ أﻛﱪ ﻗﻠﻴﻼً ﻣـﻦ ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ا ﺸﱰي ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺤﺘﻮي إﻻ ﻋﲆ ﺟﺰء ــــــــــــــــــــــ ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﻠﺘﻪ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻪ " ". ﻣﻨﺘﻔﺨًﺎ ﺣﻘـﻖ ﻓﺮﻳـﻖ دوﱄ ﻣـﻦ ﻋﻠﻤـﺎء اﻟﻔﻠـﻚ اﻵن اﻛﺘﺸﺎﻓًﺎ ﻏ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻊ : رﻳـﺎح ﺗﻔـﻮق ﴎﻋـﺔ اﻟﺼﻮت ﺗﻬﺐ ﻋﲆ اﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ ﻫﺬا . ﺗﻘﻮل ﻟﻴﺰا ﻧﻮرﺗﻤﺎن وﻫﻲ ﻋﺎ ـﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌـﺔ ﺟﻮﺗﻨﺠﻦ ﺑﺄ ﺎﻧﻴﺎ وﻣﺆﻟﻔﺔ رﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪر اﺳﺔ : " إن ﺟﺰءاً ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﻼف اﻟﺠﻮي ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﻜﻮﻛـﺐ ﻳﺘﺤﺮك ﻧﺤﻮﻧﺎ ﺑﴪﻋﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻨﻤـﺎ ﻳﺘﺤـﺮك ﺟﺰء آﺧﺮ ﺑﻌﻴﺪاً ﻋﻨﺎ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ اﻟﺴ ". ﺮﻋﺔ ـ ﺗﻀﻴﻒ ﺗﺒ : " ﻟﻨﺎ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﻼﻣـﺔ أ ن ﻫﻨـﺎك ـــ ﻔﺎﺛﺔ ـﻧ رﻳﺎﺣﺎً ﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﺟ ـﺳ ﺪًاـ ﻮﺗﻴﺔ ـ ﻮق ﺻـوﻓ ﺣﻮل ﺧﻂ اﺳ ﺘﻮاء ـ اﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ وﺑﴪﻋﺔ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﱰات ﺎﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺮب ﻣﻦ 33.000 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﱰ ﰲ اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ( ﺗﺘﺤﺮك اﻟﺮﻳﺎح اﻟﻨﻔﺎﺛﺔ ﺑﴪ ﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺎدل ﺳﺘﺔ أﺿﻌﺎفﴎﻋﺔ دوران اﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ .ه ﺣﻮل ﻣﺤﻮر ﺎحر رﺻﺪ ﺷﺪ ﺪة أﺳﺮع ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻮتﻋﻠﻰ اﻟ ﻮﻛﺐ WASP-127b ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 14 ﺃﺑﺮﻳﻞ - ﻣﺎﺭﺱ 2 0 2 5