Free Astronomy Magazine January-February 2025 ARABIC VERSION

instruments, GRAVITY. After com- paring their new results with other previousobservationsofWOHG64, theyweresurprisedtofindthatthe star had become dimmer over the past decade. “We have found that the star has been experiencing a significant changeinthelast10years,provid- ing us with a rare opportunity to witnessastar’slifeinrealtime,” says GerdWeigelt,anastronomyprofes- sorattheMaxPlanckInstitutefor RadioAstronomyinBonn,Germany andaco-authorofthestudy.Intheir finallifestages,redsupergiantslike WOHG64shedtheirouterlayersof gas and dust in a process that can lastthousandsofyears. “Thisstaris oneofthemostextremeofitskind, andanydrasticchangemaybringit closertoanexplosiveend,” addsco- author Jacco van Loon, Keele Obser- vatoryDirectoratKeeleUniversity, UK, who has been observing WOH G64 since the 1990s. Theteamthinksthattheseshedma- terials may also be responsible for the dimming and for the unex- pected shape of the dust cocoon around the star. The new image showsthatthecocoonisstretched- out,whichsurprisedscientists,who expectedadifferentshapebasedon previousobservationsandcomputer models.Theteambelievesthatthe cocoon’s egg-like shape could be ex- plained by either the star’s shedding or by the influence of a yet-undis- covered companion star. As the star becomes fainter, taking other close-up pictures of it is be- coming increasingly difficult, even for the VLTI. Nonetheless, planned updates to the telescope’s instru- mentation,suchasthefutureGRAV- ITY+, promise to change this soon. “Similarfollow-upobservationswith ESO instruments will be important for understanding what is going on inthestar,” concludesOhnaka.    ﻔﻀــــﻞ ــــﺎس اﻟﺘــــﺪاﺧﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﺴــــ ﻮب ﻣﻘ اﻟﻜﺒـــــ ﺟــــــﺪاً اﻟﺘــــــﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻــــــﺪ اﻷوروﺑــــــﻲ ـ اﻟــــــــ ﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﺗﻤﻜــــــــﻦ ﻋﻠﻤــــــــﺎء اﻟﻔﻠــــــــﻚ ﻣـــــــــﻦ اﻟﺘﻘـــﺎط أول ﺻـــﻮرة ﻣﻘﺮـــﺔ ﻟـــﻨ ﻢ ﺧـــﺎرج ﻣﺠﺮﻨـــــﺎ ﻋﻠـــــﻰ ﻌـــــﺪ أﻛـــــ ﻣـــــﻦ 160 أﻟـــــﻒ ﺳـﻨﺔ ﺿــﻮﺋ ﺔ ﻣﻨــﺎ ﻳﺤـ . ــﺎﻟﻨ ﻢﺷــﺮ ﻘﺔ ﻂ ـﺎر ﻋﻤﻼﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐ ﻣﻤـﺎ ﻜﺸـﻒﻋـﻦ أﻧـﮫ ﻓـــــﻲ اﻟﻤﺮاﺣـــــﻞ اﻷﺧـــــ ة ﻗﺒـــــﻞ أن ﺘﺤـــــﻮل إﻟـــــــــﻰ ﻣﺴـــــــــﺘﻌﺮأﻋﻈــــــــــﻢ . ﻠﺨـــــــــﺺﻫــــــــــﺬا اﻟﻔ ﺪ ﻳﻮ اﻻﻛﺘﺸﺎف ] . ESO [ اﻟﺠﻴ ـﻞ اﻟﺜــﺎﻧﻲ وﻫ ـ ﻮ ﻣﻘﻴ ـﺎس اﻟﺘــﺪاﺧﻞ " ﺑﻌﺪ ". ﻏﺮاﻓﻴﺘﻲ ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺠﻬﻢ اﻟﺠﺪﻳـﺪة ﺑ ﺄرﺻﺎد ﺳـﺎﺑﻘﺔ أﺧـﺮى ﻟ ﻠـﻨﺠﻢ WOHG64 ﻓﻮﺟﺌﻮا ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺸﺎف أن اﻟـﻨﺠﻢ أﺻـﺒﺢ ﺑﺎﻫﺘًـﺎ ﻋﲆ ﻣﺪار اﻟﻌﻘﺪ ا ﺎﴈ . ﻳﻘﻮل ﺟ ارد وﻳﺠﻴﻠﺖ أﺳـﺘﺎذ ﻋﻠـﻢ اﻟﻔﻠـﻚ ﺑ ﻤﻌﻬﺪ ﻣﺎﻛﺲ ﺑﻼﻧﻚ ﻟﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﻔﻠﻚ اﻟﺮادﻳﻮي ﰲ ﺑﻮن ﺑﺄ ﺎﻧﻴﺎ وا ﺆﻟﻒ ا ﺸﺎرك ﰲ اﻟﺪراﺳـﺔ ": ﻟ ﻘﺪ وﺟﺪﻧﺎ أن اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ﻳﺸﻬﺪ ﺗﻐـ اً ﰲ ﻛﺒـ اً اﻟﺴﻨﻮات اﻟ ـ ﻌﴩ ا ﺎﺿﻴﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻮﻓﺮ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﻧﺎدرة ﺸﺎﻫﺪة ﺣﻴﺎة اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ﰲ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ اﻟﻔﻌﲇ . ﺗﺘﺨﻠﺺ اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم اﻟﻌﻤﻼﻗـﺔ اﻟﺤﻤـﺮاء ﻣﺜـﻞ اﻟﻨﺠﻢ WOHG64 ﰲ ﻣﺮاﺣﻠﻬﺎ اﻷﺧـ ة ﻣـﻦ اﻟﺤﻴﺎة ﻣﻦ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺗﻬﺎ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴـﺔ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﻐـﺎز واﻟﻐﺒﺎر ﰲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴـﺔ ﻳﻤﻜـﻦ أن ﺗﺴـﺘﻤﺮ ﻵﻻف اﻟﺴﻨ ﻳ. ﻀﻴﻒ ا ﺆﻟﻒ ا ﺸﺎرك ﺟﺎﻛﻮ ﻓـﺎن ﻟﻮن ﻣـﺪﻳﺮ ﻣﺮﺻـﺪ ﻛـﻴﲇ ﰲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌـﺔ ﻛـﻴﲇ ﺑﺎ ﻤﻠﻜﺔ ا ﺘﺤﺪة، واﻟﺬي ﻳﺮاﻗﺐ WOH G64 ﻣﻨﺬ ﺗﺴﻌﻴﻨﻴﺎت اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﻌﴩﻳﻦ " : اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ﻫﺬا ﻫﻮ أﺣـﺪ أﻛﺜـﺮ أﻧﻮاﻋـﻪ ﺗﻄﺮﻓًـﺎ وأي ﺗﻐﻴـ ﺟﺬري ﻗﺪ ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻪ أﻗﺮب إﱃ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺘﻔﺠﺮ .ة ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ اﻟﻔﺮﻳﻖ أن ﻫﺬه ا ﻮ اد ا ﺘﺴﺎﻗﻄﺔ ﻗـﺪ ﺗﻜﻮن أﻳﻀ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﺔ ﺎً ﺨﻔﻮت ﻋﻦ اﻟ واﻟﺸـﻜﻞ ﻏ ا ﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﻟ ـ ﴩﻧﻘﺔ اﻟﻐﺒـﺎر ﺣـﻮل اﻟـﻨﺠﻢ وﺗُﻈﻬِﺮ اﻟﺼﻮرة اﻟ ﺠﺪﻳﺪة أن اﻟﴩﻧﻘﺔ ﻣﻤﺘﺪة اﻷﻣﺮ اﻟﺬي ﻓﺎﺟﺄ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﻗﻌﻮا ﺷﻜﻼً ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺎً ﺑﻨﺎءً ﻋﲆ اﻷرﺻﺎد اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ واﻟﻨﻤﺎذج اﻟﺤﺎﺳــﻮﺑﻴﺔ وﻳﻌﺘﻘــﺪ اﻟﻔﺮﻳــﻖ أن ﺷــﻜﻞ اﻟﴩﻧﻘﺔ اﻟﺸﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﻀﺔ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻔﺴ ه إﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺗﺴﺎﻗﻂ اﻟﻨﺠﻢ أو ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺗـﺄﺛ ﻧﺠﻢ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺐ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ اﻛﺘﺸﺎﻓﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ . ﺑﻌﺪ ﺧﻔﻮت اﻟـﻨﺠﻢ أﺻـﺒﺢ اﻟﺘﻘـﺎط ﺻـﻮر أﺧﺮى ﻣﻘﺮﺑﺔ ﻟﻪ ﺻﻌﺒﺎً ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪ ﺣﺘـﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻘﻴﺎس اﻟﺘﺪاﺧﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮب اﻟﻜﺒ ذﻟﻚ ﺟﺪاً وﻣﻊ ﻓﺈن اﻟﺘﺤﺪ ﻳﺜﺎت ا ﺨﻄﻂ ﻟﻬـﺎ ﻵﺟﻬﺰة اﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮب ا ﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﺜـﻞ ﻣﻘﻴـﺎس اﻟﺘﺪاﺧﻞ ) ﻏﺮاﻓﻴﺘﻲ ﺑﻠـﺲ ( ا ﺴـﺘ ﻘﺒﲇ ﺗﻌـﺪ ﺑﺘﻐﻴ ﻫﺬا ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺎً . ﻳﺨﺘﺘﻢ أوﻧﺎﻛـﺎ ﻗـﺎﺋﻼً " : اﻷ ﺳـﺘﻜﻮن رﺻـﺎد ا ﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ ا ﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ ﺑﺄدوات ا ﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ا ﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻬﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳـﺔ ﻟﻔﻬـﻢ ﻣـﺎ ﻳﺤﺪث ﰲ اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ". - ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ ﻓﺒﺮﺍﻳﺮ 2 0 2 5