Free Astronomy Magazine January-February 2025 ARABIC VERSION

emits a lot of ultraviolet light. Un- derstanding the mechanisms of FU Ori’s rapid accretion process relates more broadly to ideas of planet for- mation and survival. “Our revised model based on the Hubble data is not strictly bad news for planet evolution, it’s sort of a mixedbag,” explainedCarvalho. “If the planet is far out in the diskasit’sforming,out- bursts from an FU Ori object should influence what kind of chemicals the planet will ultimatelyinherit.Butifa forming planet is very close tothestar,thenit’saslightly differentstory.Withinacou- pleoutbursts,anyplanets that are form- ingveryclosetothe starcanrapidlymoveinward andeventuallymergewithit. You could lose, or at least completely fry, rocky planets formingclosetosuchastar.” Additional work with the HubbleUVobservationsisin progress.Theteamiscare- fully analyzing the various spectral emission lines from multiple ele- ments present in the COS spectrum. This should provide further clues on FU Ori’s environment, such as the kinematics of inflowing and out- flowing gas within the inner region. “Alotoftheseyoungstarsarespec- troscopicallyveryrichatfarultravio- let wavelengths,” reflected Hillen- brand. “A combination of Hubble,its size and wavelength coverage, as well as FU Ori’s fortunate circum- stances,letusseefurtherdowninto theengineofthisfascinatingstar- typethaneverbefore.”    ANUARY-FEBRUARY2025 ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 47 ﺻــــﻮرة ــــﺔ ﺼـــــﺮ ﺔ ﻣﺮﻛ RGB ﻟــــــ LBN878 ) اﻟﺴــــﺪ ﻢ اﻷ ﻤـــــﺮ ﻳﻬـ ﻤﻦ ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟـﺬ ـ واﻟ اﻟـــﺤﻘﻞ ﺗـﻢ اﻟـ ـ ـﮫ ﺑﻮاﺳــﻄﺔ ﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠ اﻟﻤﺼــﻮر اﻟﻔﻠﻜــﻲﺟـــ ﻢ ﺛــﻮﻣ ﺲ . أ ﻓــﻮ ور ـــﻮﻧ ﺲ ) ـــﺎس ﻣــﻊ اﻧﻌ ﻟ ( ﮫﺴـﺪ ﻤ ـ ﻫـﻮ اﻟـ ﺠﺴﻢ اﻟﺴــﺎﻃﻊ ا ﻟﻤﻮﺟـﻮد ﻓـﻲﻣﺮﻛـﺰ اﻟﺼـﻮرة . ﻳﻮﺿـﺢ اﻟﺸــ ﻞ اﻟﻤــﺪرج ﺧـﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓــﺔ اﻟﻤﺘ ﺎﻣﻠــﺔ ) CO (2–1 12 ﺗﺘ ﻌﻬــﺎ اﻟــ أرﺻــﺎد ﻣﺮﺻــﺪ أﻟﻤــﺎ . ــﺘﻢ رﺳــﻢ ﺧــﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓــﺔ اﻟﻤﺘ ﺎﻣﻠــــــــــﺔ 12CO اﻟﻤ اﺣــــــــــﺔ ﻧﺤــــــــــﻮ اﻷ ﻤــــــــــﺮواﻷزرق ﻟـــــــــــ ﻓــــــــــﻮ اور ـــــﻮﻧ ﺲﻓـــــﻮق اﻻﻧ ﻌـــــﺎث اﻟ ﺼـــــﺮي ) ـــــﺎس اﻷﻟـــــﻮان ﻣﻘ ﺗـــــﻢ (. إﻧﺸـــــــﺎء ﺧﺮﻄـــــــﺔ اﻟﻠﺤﻈـــــــﺔ اﻟﻤ اﺣـــــــﺔ ﻧ ﺤـــــــﻮ اﻷزرق ٠ ) ـ اﻟـــــــ ﺨﻄﻮط اﻟﺰرﻗـﺎء ( ﻤــﺎ ﻓـﻲذﻟــﻚ اﻻﻧ ﻌـﺎث ﻣــﻦ 8.5 إﻟـﻰ 11.5 ــﺔ ــﻢ ﺛﺎﻧ -1 ﺑ ﻨﻤــــــــﺎ ﺘﻀـــــــــﻤﻦ اﻻﻧ ﻌـــــــــﺎث اﻟﻤﺘ ﺎﻣـــــــــﻞ اﻟﻤـــــــــ اح ﻧﺤـــــــــﻮ اﻷ ﻤـــــــــﺮ ـاﻟ) ﺨﻄﻮط اﻟ ـ ( ﻤﺮاء اﻻﻧ ﻌﺎث ﺑ 12.7 و 17.5 - ﻢ ﺛﺎﻧ ﺔ 1 . ) ] 2024 ( The Astrophysical Journal [ ﺻـــﻮر ـــ ﻷرﻌـــﺔ أﻗـــﺮاصﻧ ﻤ ﮫ ﺷـــﺎ ﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﻄـﺖ ﺑ ﻮاﺳـﻄﺔ ﺗﻠﺴـ ﻮبﺳـﻮ ﺎرو ) ﻧﻄــﺎق H أو K .( ــﺪ ــﺔ اﻟﻌﺪ ﻤﻜــﻦ رؤ ﻣــــﻦ اﻻﺷــــ ﺎل ﻓــــﻲ اﻟﻘــــﺮص ﺑﻮﺿـــــﻮح ﻣﺜـــﻞ اﻷذرع أو اﻷﻗـــﻮاس أو اﻟـــ ـ ﺠﺪاول أو اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻣ ] . NAOJ [ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ اﻟﻜﻮاﻛﺐ وﺑﻘﺎﺋﻬﺎ . أوﺿﺢ ﻛﺎرﻓﺎﻟﻴﻮ ": إن ﻧﻤﻮذﺟﻨﺎ ا ﻨﻘﺢ اﻟـﺬي ﻳﺴـﺘﻨﺪ إﱃ ﺑﻴﺎﻧـﺎت ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب ﻫﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺧ ﱪاً ﺳﻴﺌﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً ﻟﺘﻄﻮر اﻟﻜﻮاﻛﺐ ﺑﻞ إﻧﻪ ﻧـﻮع ﻣـﻦ ا ـﺰﻳﺞ . إذا ﻛـﺎن اﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ ﺑﻌﻴﺪاً ﰲ اﻟﻘﺮص أﺛﻨﺎ ء ﺗﺸـﻜﻠﻪ ﻓـﺈن اﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎرات ﻣﻦ ﺟﺴﻢ ﻓﻮ اورﻳﻮﻧﻴﺲ ﻳﺠﺐ أن ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﲆ ﻧﻮع ا ﻮاد اﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺳـ ﺛﻬﺎ اﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ ﰲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ . وﻟﻜﻦ إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻜﻮ ﻛـﺐ ا ﺘﺸـﻜﻞ ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﺟﺪاً ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ﻓﺈن اﻟﻘﺼـﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻗﻠﻴﻼً ﻓﻤـﻊ اﻻﻧﻔﺠـﺎرات ا ﺰدوﺟــﺔ ﻳﻤﻜــﻦ ﻷي ﻛﻮاﻛــﺐ ﺗﺘﺸـﻜﻞ ﺑـﺎﻟﻘﺮب ﻣـﻦ اﻟـﻨﺠﻢ أن ﺗﺘﺤﺮك ﺑﴪﻋﺔ إﱃ اﻟﺪاﺧﻞ وﺗﻨﺪﻣﺞ و ﻣﻌﻪ ﰲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻔﻘﺪ أو ﻋـﲆ اﻷﻗ ـﻞ ﺗﺤ ـﺮق ﺗﻤﺎﻣــﺎً اﻟﻜﻮاﻛ ـﺐ اﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺸـﻜﻞ ﺑـﺎﻟﻘﺮب اﻟﺼــﺨﺮﻳﺔ اﻟﺘ ـﻲ ﺗﺘﺸــﻜﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮب ﻣﻦ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻨﺠﻢ . اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ". إن اﻟﻌﻤـﻞ اﻹﺿـﺎﰲ إن اﻟﻌﻤــﻞ اﻹﺿ ـﺎﰲ ﻣـ ﻊ أرﺻــﺎد ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب ﻫﺎﺑـﻞ ﻓـﻮق اﻟﺒﻨﻔﺴـﺠﻴﺔ . ﺟﺎرٍ ﻳﻘﻮم اﻟﻔﺮﻳﻖ ﺑﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺧﻄـﻮط اﻻﻧﺒﻌ ـﺎث اﻟﻄﻴﻔ ـﻲ ا ﺨﺘﻠﻔ ـﺔ ﻣ ـﻦ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﴏا ﺘﻌﺪدة ا ﻮﺟﻮدة ﰲ ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻄﻴ ﻒ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻏ دﻗﻴﻖ وﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ أن ﻳﻮﻓﺮ ﻫﺬا ا ﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻷدﻟﺔ ﺣﻮل ﺑﻴﺌﺔ ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ أ ﻓﻮ ورﻳﻮﻧﻴﺲ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺣﺮﻛﻴﺔ اﻟﻐـﺎز ا ﺘـﺪﻓﻖ إﱃ اﻟﺪاﺧﻞ واﻟﺨﺎرج داﺧﻞ ا ﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ . ﺖﻋﻠﻘ ﻫﻴﻠ ﺑﺮاﻧﺪ ﻗﺎﺋﻠ إن : "ﺔ اﻟﻜﺜ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻟﺸﺎﺑﺔ ﻏﻨﻴﺔ ﺟﺪ اً ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺑﺄﻃﻮال ﻣﻮﺟﻴ ﻪ ﻓﻮق ﺑﻨﻔﺴﺠﻴﺔ " ." إن اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑ ﻛـﻞ أرﺻـﺎد ﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ﻫﺎﺑـﻞ اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻲ وﺣﺠﻤﻪ وﺗﻐﻄﻴﺘﻪ ﻟﻠﻄـﻮل ا ـﻮﺟﻲ ﺑﺎﻹﺿــﺎﻓﺔ إﱃ ﻇــﺮوف اﻟﺒﻴﺌــﺔ اﻟﻨﺠﻤ ﻴــﺔ ا ﺤﻈﻮﻇﺔ ﻟـ ﻓﻮ اورﻳﻮﻧﻴﺲ . إن ﻛﻞ ذﻟﻚ ﻳﺘﻴﺢ ﻟﻨﺎ أن ﻧﺘﻌﻤﻖ أﻛﺜﺮ ﰲ دراﺳـﺔ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع اﻟﺮاﺋ ﻊ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم ﺎﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺴـ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳ إﺛﺮاء ﻓﻬﻤﻨﺎ ﻟﻠﻜـﻮن وﺗﻄـﻮره وﻛﺸـﻒ أﴎار ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم واﻟﻜﻮاﻛﺐ وﺗﻄﻮر ا ﺠﺮات . - ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ ﻓﺒﺮﺍﻳﺮ 2 0 2 5