Free Astronomy Magazine January-February 2024 ARABIC VERSION

T an ambulance siren changes as it passes you and the frequency of the sound goes from higher to lower.” The detailed frequency measure- ments from ALMA allowed the au- thors to distinguish the characteristic spin of a disc, confirming the detec- tion of the first disc around an extra- galactic young star. Massive stars, like the one observed here, form much more quickly and live far shorter lives than low-mass stars like our Sun. In our galaxy, these massive stars are notoriously challenging to observe and are often nomical facilities,” McLeod says. “Being able to study how stars form at such incredible distances and in a different galaxy is very exciting.”    اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﺸﻤﺲ . ﰲ ﻣﺠﺮﺗﻨﺎ ﻳﺼﻌﺐ رﺻﺪ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم اﻟﻀـﺨﻤﺔ وﻛﺜـ ا ﻣـﺎ ﺗﻜـﻮن ﻣﺤﺠﻮﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻷﻧﻈﺎر ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ا ﺎدة اﻟﻐﺒﺎرﻳـﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﰲ ا ﻟﻮﻗﺖ اﻟﺬي ﻳﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﻘﺮص ﺣﻮﻟﻬﺎ وﻣﻊ ذﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺳﺤﺎﺑﺔ ﻣـﺎﺟﻼن اﻟﻜﱪى وﻫﻲ ﻣﺠـﺮة ﻌـﺪ ﺗﺒ 160 أﻟـﻒ ﺳـﻨﺔ ﺿﻮﺋﻴﺔ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ا ﺎدة اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻣﻨﻬ ﺎ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة اﺧﺘﻼﻓًﺎ ﺟﻮﻫﺮﻳ ﺎً ﻋﻦ ﺗﻠﻚ ا ﻮﺟﻮدة ﰲ درب اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻧﺔ . ﺑﻔﻀﻞ اﻧﺨﻔﺎضﻣﺤﺘﻮى اﻟﻐﺒﺎر ﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﺪ اﻟﻨﺠﻢ HH 1177 ﻣﻐﻄـﻰ ﺑـ ـ ﴩﻧﻘﺔ ﻣ وﻻدﺗﻪ ﻤﺎ ﻳﻮﻓﺮ ﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﻔﻠﻚ رؤﻳﺔ واﺿﺤﺔ وإن ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻌﻴﺪة ﻟﺘﻜﻮﻳﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم واﻟﻜﻮاﻛﺐ . ﻳﻘـﻮل ﻣـﺎﻛﻠ »: ﻴﻮد ﻧﺤـﻦ ﰲ ﻋـ ـ ﴫ اﻟﺘﻘـﺪم اﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ اﻟ ـ ﴪﻳﻊ ﻋﻨـﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠـﻖ اﻷﻣـﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻨﺸﺎت اﻟﻔﻠﻜﻴﺔ « . إن اﻟﻘﺪرة ﻋﲆ دراﺳﺔ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم ﻋﲆ ﻫﺬه ا ﺴﺎﻓﺎت ا ﺬﻫﻠﺔ وﰲ ﻣﺠﺮة ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ أﻣﺮ ﻣﺜ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳﺔ ." ﺗُﻈﻬﺮ ﻫـﺬﻩ اﻟﻔﺴ ﻔﺴـﺎء ﻓـﻲﻣﺮﻛﺰﻫـﺎ ـﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻈـﺎم اﻟﻨ ﻤـﻲ اﻟﺸـﺎب ﺻـﻮرة ﺣﻘ ﻘ HH 117 ﻓـﻲﺳـﺤ ﺎ ﺔ ﻣـــــﺎﺟﻼن اﻟﻜـــــ ى وﻫـــــﻲﻣﺠـــــﺮة ﻣﺠـــــﺎورة ﻟﻤﺠـــــﺮة در اﻟﺘ ﺎﻧـــــﺔ . ﺗـــــﻢ اﻟـــــ ـ ﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠـــــﻰ اﻟﺼـــــﻮرة ﺎﺳـــــﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻜﺸــــﻒ اﻟﻄ ﻔــــﻲﻣﺘﻌــــﺪد اﻟﻮﺣــــﺪات ( ﻣــــﻮس) اﻟﻤﺘﺼــــﻞ ﺎﻟﺘﻠﺴــــ ﻮب اﻟﻜﺒــــ ﺟــــﺪ اً اﻟﺘــــﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻــــﺪ اﻷوروﺑــﻲ اﺟﻨـــﻮﺑﻲ ـــﺘﻢ إﻃﻼﻗﻬـــﺎ ﻣـــﻦ اﻟـــﻨ ﻢ وﺗُﻈﻬـــﺮﻧﻔﺎﺛـــﺎت . ـــﺎﺣﺜﻮن ﻌـــﺪ ذﻟـــﻚ ﻣﺼـــﻔﻮﻓﺔ اﺳـــﺘﺨﺪم اﻟ أﺗﺎ ﺎﻣﺎ ا ﻟﻤﻠ ﻤ ﺔ / ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﻤﻠ ﻤ ﺔ اﻟﻜﺒ أﻟﻤﺎ ) ( ﺸﺎرك ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟـ اﻟ ـ ﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﺜـﻮر ــﺎﻟﻨ ﻢ اﻟﺸـﺎب ﻋﻠـﻰ دﻟﻴـﻞ ﻋﻠــﻰوﺟـﻮد ﻗــﺮصﻳﺤـ ﻂ . ﻈﻬـﺮ رﺳـﻢ ﺗﺨ ﻠـﻲ ﻋــﻦ اﻟﻨﻈـﺎم واﻟــ ـﻼً ﻌـﺮض ﺬ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﺎﺛﺎت واﻟﻘﺮص ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ اﻟ ﻤ . ﺗﺘﻐ ﻃﺒﻘﺔ ﺻﻔﺎرة ﺳﻴﺎرة اﻹﺳـﻌﺎف ﻋﻨـﺪ ﺗﺮدد ﻣﻦ ﻘﻞ ﻨﺘﺗو ﻣﺮورﻫﺎ ﻲﺻﻮﺗ أﻋﲆ إﱃ أﻗﻞ . أﺗﺎﺣـﺖ ﻗﻴﺎﺳـﺎت اﻟـﱰدد اﻟﺘﻔﺼـﻴﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ أﺟﺮاﻫﺎ ﻣﺮﺻﺪ أ ﺎ ﻠﻤﻟ ﺆﻟﻔ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ اﻟﺪوران ا ﻤﻴﺰ ﻟﻠﻘﺮص ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺆﻛﺪ اﻛﺘﺸـﺎف اﻟﻘـﺮص اﻷول ﺣﻮل ﻧﺠﻢ ﺷﺎب ﺧﺎرج ا ﺠﺮة . إن اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻟﻀﺨﻤﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﺘـﻲ رﺻـﺪت ﻫﻨﺎ ﺗﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﺑﴪﻋﺔ أﻛﱪ ﺑﻜﺜ و ﺗﻌﻴﺶﺣﻴﺎة أﻗﴫ ﺑﻜﺜ ﻣـﻦ ﺣﻴـﺎة اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀـﺔ ﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻣﺮﺻﺪ أﻟﻤﺎ ﻌﺪ اﻟﺬ اﻟﻤﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟـﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﺷﺮ ًﺎ ﻓ ﮫ ﻋ ﻋﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﻔﻠﻚ ﻷول ﻣﺮة ﻋﻠﻰﻗﺮصﺣﻮل ﻧ ﻢﺷﺎبﺧﺎرج ﻣﺠﺮﻨ ﺎ وﻫﺬ ا اﻟﻔ ﺪﻳﻮ ﻠﺨﺺاﻻﻛﺘﺸﺎف . - ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ ﻓﺒﺮﺍﻳﺮ 2 0 2 4