Free Astronomy Magazine January-February 2023 ARABIC VERSION

the constellation of Pisces. This video takes us on a jour- ney to this system. Observations of WASP-76 b using ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) suggest it rains iron on this extreme exoplanet. [ESO/L.Calçada/spaceengine.org] T star WASP-76, located some 390 light-years away in exoplanet’s atmosphere requires very specialised equipment. The team used the ESPRESSO instrument on ESO’s VLT in Chile to analyse starlight that had been filtered through the atmospheres of WASP- 76 b and WASP-121 b. This made it possible to clearly detect several el- ements in them, including barium. These new results show that we have only scratched the surface of the mysteries of exoplanets. With future instruments such as the high- resolution ArmazoNes high Disper- sion Echelle Spectrograph (ANDES), which will operate on ESO’s upcom- ing Extremely Large Telescope (ELT), astronomers will be able to study the atmospheres of exoplanets large and small, including those of rocky planets similar to Earth, in much greater depth and to gather more clues as to the nature of these strange worlds.     اﻟ ﻮﻛﺐ اﻟـ ـ ﺨﺎرﺟﻲ اﻟﻌﻤـﻼق ﻓـﺎﺋﻖ اﻟﺴـﺨﻮﻧﺔ WASP-76 b ـﺪورﺣـﻮل اﻟـﻨ ﻢ WASP-76 اﻟــﺬ ﻳ ﻌـﺪ ﻣﺴــﺎﻓﺔ ٣٩٠ ــﺔ ﺳـﻨﺔ ﺿــﻮﺋ ﺔ ﻓــﻲ ﻮﻛ ـاﻟ . ﺤﻮت ـﺪﻳﻮ ﻓـﻲ رﺣ ﺄﺧﺬﻧﺎ ﻫـﺬا اﻟﻔ ﻠـﺔ إﻟـﻰﻫـﺬا اﻟﻨﻈـﺎم . ﺗﺸـ أرﺻـﺎد WASP-76 b ﺎﺳـﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﺘﻠﺴـ ﻮب اﻟﻜﺒـ ﺟـﺪًا ﻟﻠﺘﻠﺴـ ﻮب اﻷوروﺑـﻲ اﻟـﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ إﻟﻰ أﻧﻬ ﺎ ﺗﻤﻄﺮ اﻟ ـ ﺤﺪ ﺪ ﻋﻠﻰﻫﺬا اﻟ ﻮﻛﺐ اﻟﻤﺘﻄﺮ .ف و WASP-121 b ﻫـﺬا ﺟﻌـﻞ ﻣـﻦ ا ﻤﻜـﻦ اﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﺑﻮﺿﻮح ﻋﻦ ﻋﺪة ﻋﻨﺎﴏ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ، ﺑﻤـﺎ ﰲ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﺒﺎرﻳﻮم . ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺠﺪﻳـﺪة أﻧﻨﺎ ﻗﺪ ﺧﺪﺷﻨﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ اﻟﺴـﻄﺢ اﻟـﺬي ﻳﺨﻔـﻲ أﴎار اﻟﻜﻮاﻛﺐ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴﺔ ﻓﺒ ﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام أﺟﻬﺰة ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ا ف ﻋﺎﱄ ﻄﻴﺎ اﻟﺪﻗﺔ ا ﻌﺮوف ﻟﻜﻮﻛـﺐ ﺧـﺎرج ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻨـﺎ اﻟﺸﻤﴘـ ﻣﻌـﺪات ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳـﺔ . ﻟﻘـﺪ اﺳـﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﻔﺮﻳـﻖ إ ﻣﻄﻴﺎف ﺳﱪﻳﺴﻮ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﺴـ ﻜﻮب اﻟﻜﺒـ ﺟـﺪاً اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟﺠﻨـﻮﺑﻲ ﰲ ﺗﺸـﻴﲇ ﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺿﻮء اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻟﺬي ﺗﻢ ﺗﺮﺷـﻴﺤﻪ ﻣـﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻐﻼف اﻟﺠﻮي ﻟﻠﻜﻮﻛﺒ WASP-76 b اﺧﺘﺼﺎرا أﻧﺪﻳﺲ) ﻟ ( ﻠﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮب اﻟﻜﺒ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳـﺔ ( ﺗـﻲ.لإ. أي) ا ﺴـﺘﻘﺒﲇ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻـﺪ روﺑـﻲ و اﻷ اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﺣﻴﺚ اﻟ ﺳﻴﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﻣﻦ دراﺳـﺔ اﻟﻐﻼف اﻟﺠﻮ ي ﻟﻠﻜﻮاﻛـﺐ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴـﺔ إﺿـﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻜﻮاﻛﺐ اﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻷرض ﺑﻌﻤـﻖ أﻛـﱪ ﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﻮاﻟﻢ اﻟﻐﺮﻳﺒﺔ . ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ ﻓ اﻳﺮ 2023 ﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﻮاﻟﻢ اﻟﻐﺮﻳﺒﺔ .